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Article History

Received: 29 May 2020

Accepted: 24 February 2021

First Online: 21 April 2021

Competing interests

: P.L. is an unpaid consultant to, or involved in clinical trials for, Amgen, AstraZeneca, Baim Institute, Beren Therapeutics, Esperion, Therapeutics, Genentech, Kancera, Kowa Pharmaceuticals, Medimmune, Merck, Norvo Nordisk, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer and Sanofi-Regeneron. P.L. is a member of the scientific advisory boards for Amgen, Corvidia Therapeutics, DalCor Pharmaceuticals, Kowa Pharmaceuticals, Olatec Therapeutics, Medimmune, Novartis and XBiotech, Inc. The laboratory of P.L. has received research funding in the past two years from Novartis. P.L. is on the Board of Directors of XBiotech, Inc. P.L. has a financial interest in Xbiotech, a company developing therapeutic human antibodies. The interests of P.L. were reviewed and are managed by Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Partners HealthCare, in accordance with their conflict of interest policies.