Momeni, Ali https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9707-8290
Rahmani, Babak https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0856-9635
Scellier, Benjamin https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2407-7470
Wright, Logan G.
McMahon, Peter L. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1177-9887
Wanjura, Clara C.
Li, Yuhang https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9364-4125
Skalli, Anas
Berloff, Natalia G.
Onodera, Tatsuhiro
Oguz, Ilker https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2674-684X
Morichetti, Francesco https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5858-2811
del Hougne, Philipp https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4821-3924
Le Gallo, Manuel https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1600-6151
Sebastian, Abu https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5603-5243
Mirhoseini, Azalia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2440-0944
Zhang, Cheng
Marković, Danijela https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7521-217X
Brunner, Daniel https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4003-3056
Moser, Christophe https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2078-0273
Gigan, Sylvain https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9914-6231
Marquardt, Florian https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4566-1753
Ozcan, Aydogan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0717-683X
Grollier, Julie https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4866-4490
Liu, Andrea J. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2295-2729
Psaltis, Demetri https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4684-8800
Alù, Andrea https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4297-5274
Fleury, Romain https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9486-6854
Article History
Received: 25 January 2024
Accepted: 10 July 2025
First Online: 3 September 2025
Change Date: 5 September 2025
Change Type: Update
Change Details: In the version of this article initially published, affiliation 8 listed outdated information and the affiliation is now updated in the HTML and PDF versions of the article.
Competing interests
: T.O., L.G.W. and P.L.M. are listed as inventors on a US provisional patent application (number 63/178,318) on physical neural networks and physics-aware training.