Doherty, Erin E. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1555-4124
Adler, Benjamin A. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7488-3040
Yoon, Peter H.
Hsieh, Kendall
Loi, Kenneth
Armbruster, Emily G. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0377-1209
Lahiri, Arushi
Bolling, Cydni S.
Wilcox, Xander E.
Akkati, Amogha
Iavarone, Anthony T.
Pogliano, Joe https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8989-2655
Doudna, Jennifer A. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9161-999X
Article History
Received: 29 March 2025
Accepted: 22 August 2025
First Online: 1 October 2025
Competing interests
: J.A.D. is a co-founder of Caribou Biosciences, Editas Medicine, Intellia Therapeutics, Scribe Therapeutics, Mammoth Biosciences, Evercrisp and Azalea; a scientific advisory board member of Caribou Biosciences, Scribe Therapeutics, Mammoth and Inari; and a Director at Johnson & Johnson, Tempus and Altos Labs. J.P. has an equity interest in Linnaeus Bioscience Incorporated and receives income. The terms of this arrangement have been reviewed and approved by the University of California, San Diego in accordance with its conflict-of-interest policies. The other authors declare no competing interests.