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Energy flows reveal declining ecosystem functions by animals across Africa

Crossref DOI link: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-025-09660-1

Published Online: 2025-10-29

Published Print: 2026-01-01

Update policy: https://doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy

Authors

Loft, Ty https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0591-3948
Oliveras Menor, Imma https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5345-2236
Stevens, Nicola https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0693-8409
Beyer, Robert

Clements, Hayley S. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7015-6532
Santini, Luca https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5418-3688
Thomas, Seth https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9610-539X
Tobias, Joseph A. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2429-6179
Malhi, Yadvinder https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3503-4783
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Text and Data Mining valid from 2025-10-29

Version of Record valid from 2025-10-29
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Article History

Received: 8 January 2024

Accepted: 22 September 2025

First Online: 29 October 2025

Competing interests

: The authors declare no competing interests.