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Authors
Aarsland, Dag
Sunde, Anita Lenora https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0854-470X
Tovar-Rios, Diego A. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3490-9899
Leuzy, Antoine
Fladby, Tormod https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9984-9797
Zetterberg, Henrik https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3930-4354
Blennow, Kaj https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1890-4193
Tan, Kübra https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9092-2118
De Santis, Giovanni
Yakoub, Yara
Arslan, Burak
Huber, Hanna https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3080-6870
Pola, Ilaria
Grötschel, Lana
Di Molfetta, Guglielmo https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5339-933X
Skjellegrind, Håvard K. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3067-0016
Selbaek, Geir https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6511-8219
Ashton, Nicholas J.
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Article History
Received: 4 March 2025
Accepted: 31 October 2025
First Online: 17 December 2025
Competing interests
: D.A. has received research support and/or honoraria from AstraZeneca, H. Lundbeck, Novartis Pharmaceuticals, Evonik, Roche Diagnostics, GE Health, Bioarctic and Sanofi; and served as a paid consultant for H. Lundbeck, Eisai, Heptares, Mentis Cura, Eli Lilly, Cognetivity, Enterin, Acadia, EIP Pharma, Biogen and Takeda. A.L. has acted as a consultant for Enigma Biomedical Group. H.Z. has served on scientific advisory boards and/or as a consultant for AbbVie, Acumen, Alector, Alzinova, ALZpath, Amylyx, Annexon, Apellis, Artery Therapeutics, AZTherapies, Cognito Therapeutics, CogRx, Denali, Eisai, Enigma, LabCorp, Merry Life, Nervgen, Novo Nordisk, Optoceutics, Passage Bio, Pinteon Therapeutics, Prothena, Quanterix, Red Abbey Labs, reMYND, Roche, Samumed, Siemens Healthineers, Triplet Therapeutics and Wave; has given lectures sponsored by Alzecure, BioArctic, Biogen, Cellectricon, Fujirebio, Lilly, Novo Nordisk, Roche and WebMD; and is a co-founder of Brain Biomarker Solutions in Gothenburg AB (BBS), which is a part of the GU Ventures Incubator Program (outside the submitted work). K.B. has served as a consultant and on advisory boards for AbbVie, AC Immune, ALZPath, AriBio, Beckman-Coulter, BioArctic, Biogen, Eisai, Lilly, Moleac, Neurimmune, Novartis, Ono Pharma, Prothena, Quanterix, Roche Diagnostics, Sanofi and Siemens Healthineers; has served on data monitoring committees for Julius Clinical and Novartis; has given lectures, produced educational materials and participated in educational programs for AC Immune, Biogen, Celdara Medical, Eisai and Roche Diagnostics; and is a co-founder of Brain Biomarker Solutions in Gothenburg AB (BBS), which is a part of the GU Ventures Incubator Program, outside the work presented in this paper. G.S. has participated in advisory board meetings for Roche, Eli-Lilly and Eisai regarding disease-modifying drugs for AD; and has received honoraria for delivering lectures at symposia sponsored by Eisai and Eli-Lilly. N.J.A. has given lectures, produced educational materials and participated in educational programs for Eli-Lily, BioArtic and Quanterix. A.L.S., D.A.T.R., T.F., K.T., G.D.S., L.G., Y.Y., B.A., H.H., I.P., G.D.M. and H.K.S. declare no competing interests.
