Sun, Qinli https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1220-3388
Barrett, Alison K. https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4570-5265
Ogishi, Masato https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2421-7389
Lyu, Huiyun
Jiang, Hua
Liu, Honghui
Zhao, Yang https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6596-499X
Rodriguez, Grayson E. https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7386-2050
Tao, Pingdong
Obenaus, Matthias
Householder, Karsten D. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0282-4479
Tang, Qizhi
Lanz, Tobias V. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7106-8801
Garcia, K. Christopher https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9273-0278
Article History
Received: 18 June 2025
Accepted: 29 January 2026
First Online: 11 March 2026
Competing interests
: K.C.G. and Q.S. have filed a provisional patent application on IL-2–TGFβ co-agonists (serial no. 63/924,993). The other authors declare no competing interests.