Ye, Gang https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6034-2174
Bu, Fan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6965-3072
Turner-Hubbard, Hailey
Herbst, Morgan
Du, Lanying https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5955-1294
Yang, Ge
Article History
Received: 13 March 2025
Accepted: 5 February 2026
First Online: 11 March 2026
Competing interests
: The University of Minnesota has filed a US provisional patent application (application no. 63/775,149) covering Nanosota-MB1, with F.L., G. Ye. and F.B. as inventors. The other authors declare no competing interests.