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Article History
Received: 6 February 2025
Accepted: 19 June 2026
First Online: 5 August 2026
Ethics
Competing interests: M.J.G. is a consultant and equity holder for Mosaic Therapeutics and is an inventor on a patent titled Culture of Organoids (patent ID GB2596787) that has been licensed by Genome Research Limited to Mosaic Therapeutics. R.C.F. is named on patents related to Cytosponge and related assays that have been licensed by the Medical Research Council to Covidien GI Solutions (now Medtronic) and is a co-founder and shareholder (<3%) of CYTED Ltd. R.C.F. has an ongoing collaboration with AstraZeneca and Natera with provision of expertise and materials. R.C.F. is a member of the scientific advisory board for the AstraZeneca and CRUK Functional Genomics Core and is on an advisory board for 23andme. J.D.B is a founder and shareholder of Tailor Bio Ltd.