Zhang, Sai https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5996-6086
Shu, Hantao https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7306-5644
Zhou, Jingtian
Rubin-Sigler, Jasper
Yang, Xiaoyu
Liu, Yuxi
Cooper-Knock, Johnathan
Monte, Emma
Zhu, Chenchen
Tu, Sharon
Li, Han https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7380-6174
Tong, Mingming https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8422-5108
Ecker, Joseph R. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5799-5895
Ichida, Justin K.
Shen, Yin https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9901-5613
Zeng, Jianyang https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0950-7716
Tsao, Philip S. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7274-9318
Snyder, Michael P. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0784-7987
Funding for this research was provided by:
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (5P50HG007735, 2R01NS097850, 1R01NS131409, RF1AG079557, R01AG079291)
The Tau Consortium and John Douglas French Alzheimer's Foundation
Article History
Received: 15 May 2024
Accepted: 28 May 2025
First Online: 25 July 2025
Competing interests
: M.P.S. is a cofounder and the scientific advisory board member of Personalis, SensOmics, Qbio, January AI, Fodsel, Filtricine, Protos, RTHM, Iollo, Marble Therapeutics, Crosshair Therapeutics, NextThought and Mirvie. He is a scientific advisor of Jupiter, Neuvivo, Swaza, Mitrix, Yuvan, TranscribeGlass and Applied Cognition. J.K.I. is a cofounder and a scientific advisory board member of AcuraStem and Modulo Bio and a scientific advisory board member of Synapticure and Vesalius Therapeutics. J.K.I. is also an employee of BioMarin Pharmaceutical. The remaining authors declare no competing interests.