Canarutto, Daniele https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6999-8479
Fiumara, Martina https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5934-9273
Venkatesan, Vigneshwaran
Gaddoni, Chiara
Shiroshita, Kohei
Varesi, Angelica
Albano, Luisa https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0013-4741
Pelosi, Gabriele https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9149-4730
Silva, Alfredo https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8673-3013
Firrito, Claudia
Schiroli, Giulia
Cipria, Deborah https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0398-8386
Beretta, Stefano https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4375-004X
Amabile, Angelo
Villa, Anna
Zonari, Erika https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7915-3995
Gentner, Bernhard https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6024-4718
Lombardo, Angelo https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8262-042X
Genovese, Pietro https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9507-9003
Ferrari, Samuele https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1122-1231
Naldini, Luigi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7835-527X
Funding for this research was provided by:
EC | Horizon 2020 Framework Programme (825825)
EC | Horizon 2020 Framework Programme (101070950)
EC | Horizon 2020 Framework Programme (101070950)
Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Università e della Ricerca (20175XHBPN)
Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Università e della Ricerca (FIS00002157)
Louis-Jeantet Foundation (2019 Jeantet-Collen Prize)
2023 Hyper IgM Foundation grant
MEXT | Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (Overseas Research Fellowships)
Mochida Memorial Foundation for Medical and Pharmaceutical Research
Kagawa University Faculty of Medicine School of Medicine Sanju Almini Association Sanjukai Overseas Fellowship
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (R01AI155796)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (R01HL170629)
Article History
Received: 29 October 2024
Accepted: 21 April 2026
First Online: 1 June 2026
Competing interests
: D. Canarutto, M.F., G.S., A.A., E.Z., B.G., A.L., P.G., S.F., A. Villa, V.V. and L.N. are inventors of patents on gene therapy owned and managed by IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele and Fondazione Telethon ETS. The other authors declare no competing interests.