Zhang, Haochen https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8292-9491
Sashittal, Palash
Karnoub, Elias-Ramzey https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0823-1519
Jakatdar, Akhil
Umeda, Shigeaki https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5693-1515
Hong, Jungeui
Noronha, Anne Marie
Cardenas, Agustin III
Erakky, Amanda https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7149-4572
McIntyre, Caitlin A.
Hayashi, Akimasa https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7424-8127
Lecomte, Nicolas
Hilmi, Marc
Park, Wungki https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8006-3102
Pang, Nan
O’Reilly, Eileen M. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8076-9199
Wei, Alice C. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2505-959X
Raphael, Benjamin J. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1274-048X
Iacobuzio-Donahue, Christine A. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4672-3023
Funding for this research was provided by:
Daiichi Sankyo Foundation of Life Science
Mochida Memorial Foundation for Medical and Pharmaceutical Research
Article History
Received: 29 September 2024
Accepted: 3 December 2025
First Online: 22 January 2026
Competing interests
: H.Z. owns equity in Revolution Medicines and engages in compensated professional activities with Valar Labs. M.H. receives research funding from Servier and Astellas, and receives honoraria from Pierre Fabre, Astrazeneca, Amgen and Viatris. W.P. receives research funding from the NIH/NCI, Merck, Astellas, Lepu Biopharma, Amgen, Revolution Medicines, Break Through Cancer, Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer and The Society of MSK; is a consulting and advisory board member of Astellas, EXACT Therapeutics, Revolution Medicines, Innovent Biologics and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, KeyQuest and TD Cowen; and received honoraria for Continuing Medical Education—American Physician Institute, Curio, Integrity and PER. E.M.O. receives institutional research funding from Genentech/Roche, BioNTech, AstraZeneca, Arcus, Elicio Therapeutics, Parker Institute, the NIH/NCI, Digestive Care, Break Through Cancer, Agenus, Amgen and Revolution Medicines; consults (uncompensated) for Arcus, Amgen, AstraZeneca, Ability Pharma, Alligator BioSciences, Pfizer, Agenus, BioNTech, Ipsen, Ikena, Merck, Immuneering, Moma Therapeutics, Novartis, Astellas, Bristol Myers Squibb, Revolution Medicines, Regeneron and Tango Therapeutics; and receives travel reimbursement from BioNTech and Arcus. A.C.W. receives consulting fees from Histosonics for Data and Safety Monitoring Board membership and receives institutional clinical trial funding from Ipsen. All roles are outside of the scope of this manuscript. The remaining authors declare no competing interests.