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Authors
Tagore, Somnath
Tsang, Samuel
Tangermann, Carla https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4715-4985
Hu, Lucas ZhongMing
Diederichs, Sven https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7901-4752
Mills, Gordon B. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0144-9614
Califano, Andrea https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4742-3679
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Article History
Received: 5 May 2023
Accepted: 11 December 2025
First Online: 11 February 2026
Competing interests
: G.B.M. serves as a scientific advisory board member and/or consultant for Amphista, Astex, AstraZeneca, BlueDot, Chrysallis Biotechnology, Ellipses Pharma, GSK, ImmunoMET, Infinity, Ionis, Leapfrog Bio, Lilly, Medacorp, Nanostring, Nuvectis, PDX Pharmaceuticals, Qureator, Roche, Rybodyne, Signalchem Lifesciences, Tarveda, Turbine and Zentalis Pharmaceuticals; holds stock, options or financial interests in BlueDot, Biodyne, Catena Pharmaceuticals, ImmunoMet, Nuvectis, SignalChem, Tarveda and Turbine; has licensed technology including the HRD assay licensed to Myriad Genetics and DSP-related patents with Nanostring; and has received sponsored research from AstraZeneca, Nanostring Center of Excellence and Ionis (provision of tool compounds). A.C. is the founder, equity holder and consultant of DarwinHealth, a company that has licensed some of the algorithms used in this manuscript from Columbia University. Columbia University is also an equity holder in DarwinHealth. S.D. is an equity holder in siTOOLs Biotech (Martinsried, Germany), unrelated to this work, and has received sponsored research support from BioMarin. The remaining authors declare no competing interests.
