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Ghayal, Nikhil B.
Wynants, Sarah https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2376-6722
Batzler, Anthony
Pottier, Cyril https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3049-9346
Alidadiani, Sara
Küçükali, Fahri https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3835-9639
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Weintraub, Sandra https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2605-5205
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Bodi, Istvan
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Belliard, Serge
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Marguet, Florent
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Boxer, Adam L. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1215-5064
Vandenbulcke, Mathieu
Suh, EunRan
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Gearing, Marla
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Kofler, Julia
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Lashley, Tammaryn
Neumann, Manuela
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Seelaar, Harro https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1989-7527
van Swieten, John C.
Rohrer, Jonathan D.
Dickson, Dennis W. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7189-7917
Mackenzie, Ian R. A. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3875-2972
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Article History
Received: 21 February 2025
Accepted: 9 February 2026
First Online: 12 March 2026
Competing interests
: W.D.C. has received free consumables and travel reimbursement from Oxford Nanopore Technologies. W.D.C. and R.R. are inventors on a patent filed concerning diagnostic applications of the GOLGA8A repeat expansion as described in this Article. R.R. received consulting fees from Arkuda Therapeutics. D.R.T. received consulting fees from Muna Therapeutics and collaborated with Novartis Pharma AG (Switzerland), and GE Healthcare (UK). S.E. received consulting fees from Biogen (paid to institution), Eisai (paid to institution), Icometrix (paid to institution), Janssen (paid to institution), Eli Lilly, Novartis (paid to institution) and Remynd (paid to institution). S.E. holds patent EP3452830B1 for an assay for the diagnosis of a neurological disease (licensed to ADX Neurosciences NV & Euroimmun Medizinische Labordiagnostika AG). S.E. is a member of SMB/SAB for EU-H2020 project RECAGE and chair of the DSMB of PRImus-AD (paid to institution). A.L.B. has served as a paid consultant to Alector, Alexion, Arrowhead, Arvinas, Biogen, BMS, Eli Lilly, Janssen, Merck, Neurocrine, Novartis, Oligomerix, Ono, Oscotec, Otsuka, Switch and Voyager. A.L.B. is a scientific cofounder of Neurovanda, and has stock/options in Alector, Arvinas and Neurovanda. S.J.H. serves on the scientific advisory board of Proximity Therapeutics, Psy Therapeutics, Sensorium Therapeutics, 4M Therapeutics, Ilios Therapeutics, Entheos Labs, Birdwood Therapeutics and Manhattan Neuroscience, none of whom was involved in the present study. S.J.H. has also received speaking or consulting fees from Amgen, AstraZeneca, Biogen, Merck, Regenacy Pharmaceuticals, Syros Pharmaceuticals, Juvenescence Life and Souvien Therapeutics, as well as sponsored research or gift funding from AstraZeneca, JW Pharmaceuticals, Lexicon Pharmaceuticals, Vesigen Therapeutics, Compass Pathways, Atai Life Sciences and Stealth Biotherapeutics. R.V.’s institution has clinical trial agreements (R.V. as site PI) with Alector, AviadoBio, BMS, Denali, Eli Lilly, J&J, Merck and UCB. R.V.’s institution has consultancy agreements (R.V. as DSMB or DMC member) with ACImmune and Novartis. Z.K.W. serves as Mayo Clinic site PI on the Amylyx AMX0035-009 project and acts as an external advisory board member for the Savanna Biotherapeutics, Inc., and as a consultant for the BlueRock Therapeutics LP. The other authors declare no competing interests.