Zhao, Zhenguang https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2723-802X
Xu, Wenqing https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7385-3141
Feng, Ethan Yang https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7295-8317
Cao, Shiyun https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1201-4963
Hermoso-López, Alba
Peña-Vega, Pablo
Lloyd, Hannah C.
Porter, Abigail K. D. https://orcid.org/0009-0001-0747-6779
Guzmán, Manuel https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7475-118X
Zheng, Ning https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1039-1581
Woo, Christina M. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8687-9105
Funding for this research was provided by:
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (R01GM141406)
Starr Foundation
Blavatnik Biomedical Accelerator at Harvard University Mark Foundation for Cancer Research Merkin Family Foundation
Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades
Howard Hughes Medical Institute
Article History
Received: 9 May 2025
Accepted: 18 November 2025
First Online: 29 December 2025
Competing interests
: The Woo Laboratory, under the direction of C.M.W., receives or has received sponsored research support from Amgen, Ono Pharmaceuticals and Merck. N.Z. is one of the scientific cofounders and a shareholder of SEED Therapeutics, and serves as a member of the scientific advisory boards of SyntheX, Molecular Glue Labs, Cold Start Therapeutics and Differentiated Therapeutics, with financial interests. The other authors declare no competing interests.