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First Online: 3 January 2023

Competing interests

: D.M.K. has received research funding from Sanofi Pasteur and Sensei; is on the scientific advisory boards of two companies with candidate vesicular stomatitis virus vaccines, Curevo (US) and MaxHealth LLC (China); and is co-inventor on University of Washington or University of Washington–Fred Hutchinson co-managed awarded patents on candidate herpes simplex virus vaccines. A.S. is a consultant for Gritstone Bio, Flow Pharma, Moderna, AstraZeneca, Qiagen, Fortress, Gilead, Sanofi, Merck, RiverVest, MedaCorp, Turnstone, NA Vaccine Institute, Emervax, Gerson Lehrman Group and Guggenheim. L.J.I. has filed for patent protection on various aspects of T cell epitope and vaccine design work. A.K.S. reports compensation for consulting and/or scientific advisory board membership from Merck, Honeycomb Biotechnologies, Cellarity, Repertoire Immune Medicines, Hovione, Third Rock Ventures, Ochre Bio, FL82, Empress Therapeutics, Relation Therapeutics, Senda Biosciences, Santa Ana Bio, IntrECate biotherapeutics and Dahlia Biosciences unrelated to this work. A.K.S. has received research support from Merck, Novartis, Leo Pharma, Janssen, the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, the Moore Foundation, the National Institutes of Health, the Moore Foundation, Wellcome Leap, the Pew-Stewart Trust, Foundation MIT, the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative, Novo Nordisk and the Food and Drug Administration unrelated to this work. P.G.T. has consulted and/or received honoraria and travel support from Illumina, Johnson and Johnson and 10X Genomics; serves on the scientific advisory boards of Immunoscape and Cytoagents; and has been awarded or applied for patents related to these topics.

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