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Article History

Received: 1 December 2021

Accepted: 30 November 2022

First Online: 26 January 2023

Competing interests

: V.A. receives research funding to Johns Hopkins University from AstraZeneca, Personal Genome Diagnostics and Delfi Diagnostics, and has received research funding to Johns Hopkins University from Bristol Myers Squibb in the past 5 years. V.A. is an inventor on patent applications (63/276,525, 17/779,936, 16/312,152, 16/341,862, 17/047,006 and 17/598,690) submitted by Johns Hopkins University, related to cancer genomic analyses, ctDNA therapeutic response monitoring and immunogenomic features of response to immunotherapy, that have been licensed to one or more entities. Under the terms of these license agreements, the University and inventors are entitled to fees and royalty distributions. N.N. is an inventor on patent application 17/598,690 submitted by Johns Hopkins University related to genomic features of response to immunotherapy. C.C. is the founder of CM Cherry Consulting. K.M. has received research funding from AstraZeneca; speakers’ fees from MSD, Roche, AstraZeneca and Benecke; and has served in a consultant role for Pfizer, Bristol Myers Squibb, Roche, MSD, Abbvie, AstraZeneca, Diaceutics, Lilly, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim and Merck. K.A.M. has served in a consultant/advisory role for Amgen, Janssen, Mirati, AstraZeneca and Puma, and has received research funding to her institution from Mirati and BMS. J.M. has served in a consulting role to MJH Life Sciences, Johnson & Johnson and Doximity, and has received research funding to his institution from Merck via the Conquer Cancer Young Investigators Award. K.N.S. receives research funding to her institution from Bristol Myers Squibb, AstraZeneca and Enara Bio, and holds founder’s equity in manaT Bio. B.L. has served in a consultant/advisory role for Janssen, Daiichi Sankyo, AstraZeneca, Eli Lilly, Genentech, Mirati, Amgen, Pfizer, BMS, Guardant 360 and Foundation Medicine. J.F. has served in a consultant/advisory role for Genentech, Eli Lilly, AstraZeneca, Merck, Takeda, Coherus, Regeneron and Pfizer, and has received research funding (directly to the institution) from AstraZeneca, Pfizer and Bristol Myers Squibb. C.L.H. has served in a consultant/advisory role for AbbVie, Amgen, AstraZeneca, BMS, Genentech/Roche, Jannsen and GSK, and has received research funding to her institution from AbbVie, Amgen, AstraZeneca, BMS and GSK. V.L. has served in a consultant/advisory role for Takeda, Seattle Genetics, Bristol Myers Squibb, AstraZeneca and Guardant Health, and has received research funding from GlaxoSmithKline, BMS, Merck and Seattle Genetics. D.M.P. is a consultant for Aduro Biotech, Amgen, Bayer, Dynavax, Enara, FLX Bio, Immunomic Therapeutics, Janssen, Merck, Rock Springs Capitol, Tizona and Trieza; is on the Board of Directors of DNAtrix; is on the Scientific Advisory Boards of Immununica, WindMil, Dracen, Camden Partners and Astellas; receives research support from Bristol Myers Squibb and Compugen; and is a founder of ManaT Bio. T.Y.S. has served in an advisory role/received honoraria from Innate Pharma, Merck/MSD, AstraZeneca, Nanobiotix, Cue Biopharma, Vir Biotechnolgy, Coherus, Sanofi, Eisei and iTEOS; and reports research funding to his institution from BMS, Genentech/Roche, Merck/MSD, Nanobiotix, AstraZeneca, Cue Biopharma, Regeneron, Innate and Kura. J.R.B. is on the advisory board of/is a consultant for Amgen, AstraZeneca, BMS, Genentech/Roche, Eli Lilly, GlaxoSmithKline, Merck, Sanofi and Regeneron; receives grant research funding from AstraZeneca, BMS, Genentech/Roche, Merck, RAPT Therapeutics, Inc. and Revolution Medicines; and is on the Data and Safety Monitoring Board/Committees of GlaxoSmithKline, Sanofi and Janssen. P.M.F. has received research funding to Johns Hopkins University from AstraZeneca, Bristol Myers Squibb, Novartis, Corvus and Kyowa. He has also served as a consultant for Amgen, AstraZeneca, Bristol Myers Squibb, Daiichi Sankyo, Genentech, G1 Therapeutics, Iteos, Janssen, Merck, Surface Oncology, Mirati, Novartis and Sanofi, and as a DSMB member for Polaris and Flame Therapeutics. V.E.V. is a founder of Delfi Diagnostics, serves on the Board of Directors and as a consultant for this organization, and owns Delfi Diagnostics stock, which is subject to certain restrictions under university policy. Additionally, Johns Hopkins University owns equity in Delfi Diagnostics. V.E.V. divested his equity in Personal Genome Diagnostics (PGDx) to LabCorp in February 2022. V.E.V. is an inventor on patent applications submitted by Johns Hopkins University, related to cancer genomic analyses and cell-free DNA for cancer detection, that have been licensed to one or more entities, including Delfi Diagnostics, LabCorp, Qiagen, Sysmex, Agios, Genzyme, Esoterix, Ventana and ManaT Bio. Under the terms of these license agreements, the University and inventors are entitled to fees and royalty distributions. V.E.V. is an advisor to Danaher, Takeda Pharmaceuticals and Viron Therapeutics. All other authors declare no conflicts of interest.