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Article History

First Online: 16 May 2023

Competing interests

: C.G. declares funding from and has an advisory role at Merck Sharp & Dhome (MSD), Novartis, NeraCare, Bristol-Meyers Squibb (BMS) and Philogen. R.D. has an advisory role at Novartis, MSD, BMS, Roche, Amgen, Takeda, Pierre Fabre, Sun Pharma, Sanofi, Catalym, Second Genome, Regeneron, Alligator, T3 Pharma, MaxiVAX SA, Pfizer and touchIME. T.A. has an advisory role at CeCaVa, Novartis, NeraCare, BMS, Pierre Fabre, Sanofi, SkylineDx and iFIT. R.A. declares funding from Novartis. P.A. has an advisory role at BMS, Roche-Genentech, MSD, Novartis, Merck Serono, Pierre Fabre, AstraZeneca, Sun Pharma, Sanofi, Idera, Sandoz, Immunocore, 4SC, Nektar, Italfarmaco, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Eisai, Regeneron, Daiichi Sankyo, Pfizer, Oncosec, Nouscom, Lunaphore, Seagen, iTeos, Medicenna, Bio-Al Health, ValoTx, Replimmune and Bayer. B.D. declares funding from BMS, Fabre Oncology, Novartis, Almirall and Sun Pharma. A.E. declares funding from Agenus, BioInvent, BioNTech, Brenus, CatalYm, Ellipses, Epics, Galecto, GenOway, IO Biotech, IQVIA, Merck & Co./MSD, Pfizer, Sairopa, Sellas, SkylineDX, TigaTX and Trained Immunity TX. A.H. has an advisory role at Amgen, BMS, MerckPfizer, MSD/Merck, Philogen, Pierre Fabre, Regeneron, Roche, Sanofi-Genzyme, Novartis Pharma, Eisai, Immunocore, Replimune, Seagen, IO Biotech, Dermagnostix, Incyte, NeraCare, Highlight Therapeutics, Huya Biosciences and Kyowa Kirin. C.H. declares funding from BMS, Novartis, Amgen, Almirall, Pierre Fabre and Sanofi. R.K. has an advisory role at Abbvie, Amgen, BMS, Celgene, Galderma, Jannsen, MSD, Novartis, Roche and UCB. C.L. declares funding from BMS, Roche, MSD, Novartis, Amgen, Merck Serono, Sanofi, Pierre Fabre, Pfizer, Incyte, Avantis, InflaRx and Jazz Pharmaceuticals. M.M. has an advisory role at Novartis, BMS, Sanofi, Pierre Fabre and MSD. A.M. has an advisory role at BMS, MSD, Novartis, Roche, Pierre-Fabre and QBiotics. O.M. has an advisory role at BMS, Roche-Genentech, MSD, Novartis, Merck Serono, Pierre Fabre, AstraZeneca and Immunocore. P.N. has an advisory role at MSD, Novartis, Merck, BMS, Pfizer, Immunocore and Ipsen. S.P. declares funding from BMS, Foghorn Therapeutics, Ideaya, InxMed, Lyvgen Biopharma, Novartis, Provectus Biopharmaceuticals, Seagen, Syntrix Bio, TriSalus Life Sciences, Advance Knowledge in Healthcare, Cardinal Health, Castle Biosciences, Delcath, Immatics, Immunocore and Replimune. C.R. has an advisory role at BMS, Roche, Pierre Fabre, Novartis, Sanofi, Pfizer, MSD and AstraZeneca. D.S. has an advisory role at Merck Serono, Amgen, Immunocore, 4SC, Pierre Fabre, Pfizer, Philogen, Regeneron, Nektar, Novartis, Sanofi, Ultimovacs, Haystack, Astra Zeneca, Daiichi Sankyo, Agenus, InFlarX, Agenus, Replimune, Erasca, SunPharma, Immatics, Neracare, Seagen and Bioalta. P.L. has an advisory role at BMS, Merck, Novartis, GlaxoSmithKline (GSK), Amgen, Chugai, PierreFabre, NeraCare, Roche and OncologyEducationCanada. R.S. has an advisory role at MetaOptima Technology, F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Evaxion, Provectus Biopharmaceuticals Australia, Qbiotics, Novartis, MSD, NeraCare, Amgen, BMS, Myriad Genetics and GSK. H.T. has an advisory role at BMS, Novartis, Merck, Genentech, GSK, EMD Serono, Eisai, Dragonfly Therapeutics, RAPT Therapeutics, Boxer Capital, Karyopharm, Lovance, Jazz Pharmaceuticals and Medicenna. C.B. has an advisory role at MSD, Novartis, BMS, Roche, GSK, AstraZeneca, Pfizer, Lilly, GenMAB, Pierre Fabre, Third Rock ventures, NanoString and 4SC. G.L. has an advisory role at Agenus, Amgen, Array Biopharma, Boehringer Ingelheim International, BMS, Evaxion, Hexal AG, Highlight Therapeutics, Innovent Biologics, MSD, Novartis, OncoSec, PHMR, Pierre Fabre, Provectus, Qbiotics and Regeneron. All other authors declare no competing interests.