Okuzumi, Ayami https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8044-5402
Hatano, Taku https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6808-0444
Matsumoto, Gen
Nojiri, Shuko
Ueno, Shin-ichi https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4133-3605
Imamichi-Tatano, Yoko https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6830-456X
Kimura, Haruka https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2632-1352
Kakuta, Soichiro https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9434-4944
Kondo, Akihide https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1729-4490
Fukuhara, Takeshi
Li, Yuanzhe
Funayama, Manabu https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7412-3631
Saiki, Shinji https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9732-8488
Taniguchi, Daisuke
Tsunemi, Taiji
McIntyre, Deborah
Gérardy, Jean-Jacques
Mittelbronn, Michel
Kruger, Rejko
Uchiyama, Yasuo
Nukina, Nobuyuki
Hattori, Nobutaka https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2034-2556
Funding for this research was provided by:
Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (21dm0207070, 21wm0425015, 21wm0425015)
MEXT | Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (21H04820, 19K16928, 21K07424)
Article History
Received: 1 July 2022
Accepted: 21 April 2023
First Online: 29 May 2023
Change Date: 24 January 2025
Change Type: Correction
Change Details: A Correction to this paper has been published:
Change Details: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-025-03521-0
Competing interests
: N.H. reports receiving grants and fees unrelated to this research during the conduct of the study; grants from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS), the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED), the Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), the Health and Labour Sciences Research Grant, the International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society and the Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinsonʼs Research; personal fees for speakers honoraria from Sumitomo Pharma, Takeda Pharmaceutical, Kyowa Kirin, AbbVie GK, Otsuka Pharmaceutical, Novartis, Ono Pharmaceutical, Eisai, Teijin Pharma and Daiichi Sankyo; and personal fees for consultancies and advisory boards from Sumitomo Pharma, Takeda Pharmaceutical, Kyowa Kirin, Ono Pharmaceutical, Teijin Pharma and PARKINSON Laboratories. N.H. also owns shares in PARKINSON Laboratories (equity stock (8%)). T.H. reports receiving grants from Kyowa Kirin, the Setsuro Fujii Memorial of the Osaka Foundation for Promotion of Fundamental Medical Research, JSPS KAKENHI (under grant no. 21K07424), the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (grant nos. 21wm0425015 and 21dk0207055) and Daiichi Sankyo Selects Research Partners for TaNeDS Collaborative Drug Discovery Project and speakers honoraria from Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma, Takeda Pharmaceutical, Kyowa Kirin, Novartis, Sanofi, Eisai and Otsuka Pharmaceutical during the conduct of the study. A.O. reports receiving grants from the research grant for biogenic amines and neurological disorders and JSPS KAKENHI (under grant no. 19K16928) and speakers honoraria from Takeda Pharmaceutical and Kyowa Kirin, during the conduct of the study. R.K. reports receiving grants and fees unrelated to this research during the conduct of the study; grants from the Fonds National de la Recherche (FNR) Luxembourg, the Fondation Veuve-Metz-Tesch Luxembourg, the Leir Foundation, the Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinsonʼs Research (MJFF), the Parkinsonʼs Foundation, the Movement Disorder Society, the European Institute of Innovation and Technology (EIT Health), the Innovative Medicines Initiative (IMI) of the European Union and the European pharmaceutical industry and the European Union’s Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe research and innovation programs; and personal speaker’s honoraria and/or travel grants from AbbVie, Zambon and Medtronic. R.K. participated as PI or site-PI for industry-sponsored clinical trials without receiving honoraria. The remaining authors declare no competing interests.