Mobley, Alastair R. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0957-4185
Subramanian, Anuradhaa http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8875-7363
Champsi, Asgher http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5510-1306
Wang, Xiaoxia http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9703-8659
Myles, Puja
McGreavy, Paul
Bunting, Karina V.
Shukla, David http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6229-7477
Nirantharakumar, Krishnarajah http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6816-1279
Kotecha, Dipak http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2570-9812
Funding for this research was provided by:
DH | National Institute for Health Research (NIHR203326, NIHR130280)
RCUK | Medical Research Council (HDRUK/CFC/01)
British Heart Foundation (Accelerator Birmingham, FS/CDRF/21/21032)
Article History
Received: 26 October 2023
Accepted: 7 May 2024
First Online: 5 June 2024
Competing interests
: The post of A.R.M. is funded by The Cook and Wolstenholme Charitable Trust (charity no. 1091984), EU Horizon and UKRI (HYPERMARKER 101095480) and UK NHS (Data for R&D) Subnational Secure Data Environment program. A.S. has no declarations during the study period; after the study was completed she left the University of Birmingham to take a post at AstraZeneca. A.C., X.W., P. Myles and P. McGreavy declare no competing interests. K.V.B. reports a BHF Career Development Research Fellowship (for nurses and healthcare professionals) FS/CDRF/21/21032 and Membership of the British Society of Echocardiography education committee. D.S. reports grants from NIHR (130280), during the conduct of the study and grants from Pfizer outside the submitted work. K.N. reports grants from NIHR, during the conduct of the study and research grants from UKRI/MRC, Kennedy Trust for Rheumatology Research, Health Data Research UK, Wellcome Trust, European Regional Development Fund, Institute for Global Innovation, Boehringer Ingelheim, Action Against Macular Degeneration Charity, Midlands Neuroscience Teaching and Development Funds, South Asian Health Foundation, Vifor Pharma, College of Police and CSL Behring, outside the submitted work; and consulting fees from Boehringer Ingelheim, Sanofi, CEGEDIM and MSD; and holds a leadership/fiduciary role with NICST, a charity and OpenClinical, a Social Enterprise; outside the submitted work. D.K. reports grants from the NIHR (CDF-2015-08-074 RATE-AF; NIHR130280 DaRe2THINK; NIHR132974 DaRe2THINK-NeuroVascular; NIHR203326 Biomedical Research Centre), the British Heart Foundation (PG/17/55/33087, AA/18/2/34218 and FS/CDRF/21/21032), the EU/EFPIA Innovative Medicines Initiative (BigData@Heart 116074), EU Horizon and UKRI (HYPERMARKER 101095480), UK NHS (Data for R&D) Subnational Secure Data Environment program, UK Dept. for Business, Energy & Industrial Strategy Regulators Pioneer Fund, the Cook & Wolstenholme Charitable Trust and the ESC supported by educational grants from Boehringer Ingelheim/BMS-Pfizer Alliance/Bayer/Daiichi Sankyo/Boston Scientific, the NIHR/University of Oxford Biomedical Research Centre and British Heart Foundation/University of Birmingham Accelerator Award (STEEER-AF). In addition, D.K. has received research grants and advisory board fees from Bayer, Amomed and Protherics Medicines Development, all outside the submitted work.