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Article History

Received: 5 April 2024

Accepted: 23 August 2024

First Online: 1 October 2024

Competing interests

: B.X. has held consulting or advisory roles with AstraZeneca and Novartis. S.W. has held consulting or advisory roles with Daiichi-Sankyo and AstraZeneca; has held speaker’s bureau roles with Pfizer, Roche, AstraZeneca, Novartis and Eli Lilly; and has received research funding from Pfizer and AstraZeneca. J.S. has received research grants from AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Daiichi-Sankyo, Eli Lilly, GSK, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Sanofi and Seagen. M.-S.D, M.Y., W.L., J.T., X.W., Y.W. and F.M. declare no competing interests. W.-P.C. has received honoraria from Amgen, AstraZeneca, Daiichi-Sankyo, Eli Lilly, Gilead Sciences, Inc., Novartis, Pfizer and Roche; has received support for attending meetings or travel from AstraZeneca, Novartis and Pfizer; and has held data safety monitoring board or advisory board roles with AstraZeneca, Daiichi-Sankyo, Gilead Sciences, Inc., Novartis, Pfizer, Roche and Sanofi. S.-A.I. has held advisory roles with AstraZeneca, Bertis, Daiichi-Sankyo, Eisai, Eli Lilly, GSK, Hanmi, Idience, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer and Roche; has received clinical trial support from AstraZeneca, Daiichi-Sankyo, Eisai, Eli Lilly, Hanmi, MDS, Novartis, Pfizer and Roche; and has received research grants from AstraZeneca, Boryung Pharm, Dae Woong, Daiichi-Sankyo, Eisai, Pfizer and Roche. T.V. is an employee of Gilead Sciences, Inc and has stock ownership in Gilead Sciences, Inc and Novavax. A.D., D.J., Y.Y., Y.Z. and K.M.K. are employees of and have stock ownership in Gilead Sciences, Inc.