Document is current

Article History

Received: 10 April 2024

Accepted: 28 August 2024

First Online: 14 October 2024

Competing interests

: F.Z. has received consulting fees from 89bio, Applied Therapeutics, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, Cardior Pharmaceuticals, CellProthera, Cereno Scientific, CEVA, CVRx, Merck, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, Owkin, Pfizer and Servier, honoraria for lectures from Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, CEVA, CVRx, Merck and Novartis and fees for participating on a data safety monitoring board or advisory board from Acceleron/Merck and has equity interests in G3 Pharmaceuticals, Cereno Scientific, CardioRenal, Eshmoun Clinical Research and CVCT. O.B. has received grants or contracts from Amgen, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, Novartis, Pfizer and Servier and travel and/or meeting attendance support from AstraZeneca and Servier. S.C. has been employed by Bayer. M.R.C. has been employed by and has stock options in AstraZeneca. H.G. has received honoraria from Menarini and Servier for lectures, participated on a data safety monitoring board for the RIC Africa trial and held a leadership role (Vice President) for the Pan-African Society of Cardiology. A.G. has been employed by and has stock options in Bristol Myers Squibb. T.H. has been employed by, has stock or stock options in and has received travel and/or meeting attendance support from Amgen. K.K. has received institutional grants from Applied Therapeutics, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Lilly, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Novo Nordisk, Oramed Pharmaceuticals, Sanofi-Aventis and Servier, consulting fees from Abbott, Amgen, Applied Therapeutics, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Lilly, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Napp, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, Oramed Pharmaceuticals, Roche, Sanofi-Aventis and Servier and travel and/or meeting attendance support from Abbott, Amgen, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Lilly, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Napp, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, Roche, Sanofi-Aventis and Servier and has held leadership roles for the Centre for Ethnic Health Research (Director) and South Asian Health Foundation charity (Trustee and Working Group Chair). B.J.K. has been employed by and has received travel and/or meeting attendance support from Boehringer Ingelheim International. C.L. has received grants or contracts from the Swedish Heart Lung Foundation, Swedish Society of Science and Stockholm County Council, consulting fees from AstraZeneca and Medtronic and payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations or speaker bureaus form AstraZeneca, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Impulse Dynamics, Medtronic, Novartis and Vifor Pharma, has participated on a data safety monitoring board or advisory board for the ABC study by UCR Uppsala Sweden and has held a leadership role (Secretary Treasurer) for the ESC. T.F.L. has received institutional grants from Abbott, Amgen, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Daiichi Sankyo, Menarini Foundation, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, Roche Diagnostics, Sanofi and Vifor and honoraria from Amgen, Dacadoo, Daiichi Sankyo, Menarini Foundation, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, Philips and Pfizer. M.M. has received research grants from Novartis, Novo Nordisk and Health Data Research UK and a fellowship from the British Heart Foundation and has participated on a data safety monitoring board or advisory board for the PAVE-2, STIMULATE-ICP, ASPECT, ORION-4 and ASCEND PLUS trials. R.M. has received travel and/or meeting attendance support from the ESC, Horizon and Digital Health for Heart Health. R.F.O. has held a leadership role (Executive Director) with Women as One. E.P. has held a leadership role (Committee Chair) for the ESC. C.Y. has been Steering Committee Chair for ACTIV trials, sponsored by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. A.Z. has been employed by and has stock or stock options in Roche Diagnostics. H.G.C.V.S. has received grants from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research and Heart and Stroke Foundation, education grants from Boehringer Ingelheim and Novartis and consulting fees from the Baim Institute for Clinical Research, Cardiovascular Research Foundation, Colorado Prevention Center Clinical Research and Medtronic. The remaining authors declare no competing interests.