Sawhney, Sanjam S.
Thänert, Robert https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6400-3433
Thänert, Anna
Hall-Moore, Carla
Ndao, I. Malick
Mahmud, Bejan
Warner, Barbara B. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9910-4461
Tarr, Phillip I. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4078-7517
Dantas, Gautam https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0455-8370
Funding for this research was provided by:
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (R01AI155893)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R01HD092414, R01HD092414)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of General Medical Sciences (T32GM007067)
Children's Discovery Institute (MD-FR-2013-292)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (5P30 DK052574)
Article History
Received: 20 June 2024
Accepted: 24 February 2025
First Online: 2 April 2025
Competing interests
: P.I.T. is a holder of equity in, a consultant to and a member of the Scientific Advisory Board of MediBeacon, Inc., which is developing a technology to non-invasively measure intestinal permeability in humans. P.I.T. is a co-inventor on patents assigned to MediBeacon (US patents 11,285,223 and 11,285,224, titled ‘Compositions and methods for assessing gut function’, and US patent application 2022-0326255, titled ‘Methods of monitoring mucosal healing’), which might earn royalties if the technology is commercialized. P.I.T. receives compensation for his roles as Chair, Scientific Advisory Board of the AGA Center for Microbiome Research and Education, and consultant to Temple University on waterborne enteric infections. He is a member of the Data Safety Monitoring Board of Inmunova, which is developing an immune biologic targeting Shiga toxin–producing E. coli infections, for which he receives no compensation, except for reimbursement of expenses. P.I.T. receives royalties from UpToDate from two sections on intestinal E. coli infections. G.D. is a consultant to and a member of the Scientific Advisory Board of Pluton Biosciences, which is developing methods for discovering environmental microbes for commercial applications. G.D. has consulted for SNIPR Technologies, Ltd. in the last 5 years but not presently. S.S. has consulted for Hypha Life Sciences and BioGenerator Ventures in the last 5 years but not presently. The authors declare no other competing interests.