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Article History

Received: 8 February 2025

Accepted: 20 March 2025

First Online: 30 March 2025

Competing interests

: S.D.A. reports grants and personal fees from CSL Vifor and Abbott Vascular, and personal fees for consultancies, trial committee work and/or lectures from Actimed, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Bioventrix, Boehringer Ingelheim, Brahms, Cardiac Dimensions, Cardior, Cordio, CVRx, Cytokinetics, Edwards, Farraday Pharmaceuticals, GSK, HeartKinetics, Impulse Dynamics, Medtronic, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, Occlutech, Pfizer, Regeneron, Relaxera, Repairon, Scirent, Sensible Medical, Servier, Vectorious and V-Wave. He is the named co-inventor of two patent applications regarding MR-proANP (nos. DE 102007010834 and DE 102007022367), but he does not benefit personally from the related issued patents. M.K. is supported by a clinician scientist professorship grant from the Else Kroener-Fresenius-Foundation. He reports grant and nonfinancial support from Adrenomed AG and CSL Vifor, as well as personal fees from Adrenomed AG, Sphingotec, CSL Vifor, Daiichi Sankyo, Pharmacosmos and 4TEEN4, and is a part-time employee of 4TEEN4 Pharmaceuticals GmbH. R.J.M. received research support and honoraria from Abbott, Alleviant Medical, American Regent, Amgen, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Boston Scientific, Cytokinetics, Fast BioMedical, Gilead, Innolife, Eli Lilly, Lexicon, Medtronic, Medable, Merck, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, Pfizer, Pharmacosmos, Relypsa, Reprieve Cardiovascular, Respicardia, Roche, Rocket Pharmaceuticals, Sanofi, Verily, CSL Vifor, Windtree Therapeutics and Zoll. P.P. received consulting fees from Boehringer Ingelheim, AstraZeneca, CSL Vifor Pharma, Servier, Novartis, Bayer, MSD, Novo Nordisk, Pharmacosmos, Moderna and WhiteSwell. He also received honoraria from Boehringer Ingelheim, AstraZeneca, CSL Vifor Pharma, Amgen, Servier, Novartis, Bayer, Pfizer and Abbott Vascular for lectures, presentations, speakers’ bureaus, manuscript writing or educational events. J.B. reports consulting fees from Abbott, American Regent, Amgen, Applied Therapeutic, AskBio, Astellas, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Boston Scientific, Bristol Myers Squibb, Cardiac Dimension, Cardiocell, Cardior, Cardiorem, CSL Bearing, CVRx, Cytokinetics, Daxor, Edwards, Element Science, Faraday, Foundry, G3P, Innolife, Impulse Dynamics, Imbria, Inventiva, Ionis, Lexicon, Lilly, LivaNova, Janssen, Medtronics, Merck, Occlutech, Owkin, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, Pfizer, Pharmacosmos, Pharmain, Pfize, Prolaio, Regeneron, Renibus, Roche, Salamandra, Sanofi, SC Pharma, Secretome, Sequana, SQ Innovation, Tenex, Tricog, Ultromics, CSL Vifor and Zoll, and honoraria from Novartis, Boehringer Ingelheim-Lilly, AstraZeneca, Impulse Dynamics and CSL Vifor. M.S.K. received fees from Bayer and Novartis. K.M.T. reported no competing interests. P.R.K. reports grant or research support from Pharmacosmos and consulting fees or honoraria from AstraZeneca, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, CSL Vifor, Novartis and Pharmacosmos. A.F.H. reported receiving grants from Boehringer Ingleheim, Cytokinetics, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, Verily, Bayer, Amgen and AstraZeneca and receiving personal fees from Boston Scientific, Bristol Myers Squibb, Eidos Therapeutics, GlaxoSmithKline, Intellia, Intercept, MyoKardia, Prolaio and TikkunLev Therapeutics. H.M. reported no competing interests. F.W.R. received grants from the National Institutes of Health, PCORI, BMS, AstraZeneca, American Regent, the Gates Foundation and Eidos and consulting fees from Janssen, Clover, Doctor Evidence and Intercept. He also participated on Data Safety Monitoring Boards for Lilly, AstraZeneca, Merck, Gilead, Novartis, Icosavax, Sanofi, UCB, Amgen, Biogen, BMS, Pulmocide, Alkermes and Diurnal. He had an unpaid leadership role for the Frontier Science Foundation. He has stock or stock options for GSK, Clover, Athira, Doctor Evidence, DataVant, Spencer Health Solutions and Adaptic Health. M.P. and C.R. reported no competing interests. J.G.F.C. received research funding from Bristol Myers Squibb, CSL Vifor, British Heart Foundation and Pharmacosmos, consulting fees from Pharmacosmos, CSL Vifor and Biopeutics, a personal honorarium from Pharmacosmos and ABBOTT, travel support from Pharmacosmos, participated on advisory boards of Medtronic, ADAPT-CRT, CMR-Guide and PROTECT-HF, and has stocks or stock options in HeartFelt (noninvasive monitoring) and Viscardia (synchronous diaphragmatic pacing). T.F. reports payments to institution from Abbott, grants from Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Federal Joint Committee (G-BA) and the European Commission, consulting fees from Actimed, Bayer, BMS, CSLBehring, Daiichi Sankyo, Galapagos, Immunic, KyowaKirin, LivaNova, Minoryx, Novartis, RECARDIO, Relaxera, Roche, Servier, Viatris and CSL Vifor, payments from Fresenius Kabi and PINK gegen Brustkrebs, and is a trial data monitoring committee member of Aslan, Bayer, BiosenseWebster, Enanta, Galapagos, IQVIA, Novartis, PPD, Recordati, Roche and VICO Therapeutics and a trial steering committee member of CSLBehring.