Pronovost-Morgan, Chloé https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8386-4925
Greenway, Kyle T. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7829-493X
Roseman, Leor https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9990-6029
,
Aday, Jacob S.
Agin-Liebes, Gabrielle
Ahmad, Kirran
Aicher, Helena
Aixalà, Marc
Amar, Simon
de Araujo, Draulio B.
Barrett, Frederick S.
Belser, Alexander
Blainey, Marc
Bourne, Michael
Bowman, Ronald
Breeksema, Joost
Carter, Kayla Breelove
Bussey, Jacqueline
Camara, Cesar
Canby, Nicholas
Chalchi, Jimena
Close, James
Cox, Tonie
Daraeizadeh, Pedram
Davis, Alan K.
de la Salle, Sara
Devenot, Neşe
Dyck, Erika
Erritzoe, David
Farzin, Houman
Friesen, Phoebe
Garel, Nicolas
Giblin, Josephine
Golden, Tasha
Greer, George
Gukasyan, Natalie
Guss, Jeffrey
Hapke, Emma
Hartogsohn, Ido
Holze, Friederike
Kettner, Hannes
Knowles, Adam
Langlitz, Nicolas
Lehmann, Alexandre
Lifshitz, Michael
Lucas, Philippe
MacLean, Katherine
Mallon, Orla
Marcus, Olivia
Mazarrasa, Jerónimo
McAlpine, Rosalind
Moreno, Francisco
Neitzke-Spruill, Logan
Noorani, Tehseen
Oehen, Peter
Ona, Genís
Palhano-Fontes, Fernanda
Patchett-Marble, Ryan
Peekeekoot, Gail
Perkins, Daniel
Preller, Katrin H.
Ramaekers, Johannes G.
Reed, Sara
Repantis, Dimitris
Richards, Brian
Richards, William
Risby, Sally
Rochester, Jessica
Roullier, Ian
Rucker, James
Ruffell, Simon
Sanders, James W.
Schneider, Leonie
Shutte, Thomas
Szigeti, Balázs
Tadwalkar, Sayali
Lévesque, Julien Thibault
Timmermann, Christopher
Tzarfaty, Keren
Wells, Hattie
Williams, Keith
Article History
Received: 10 November 2024
Accepted: 31 March 2025
First Online: 3 June 2025
Competing interests
: The study authors declare the following competing interests: M.A. is a paid consultant for Compass Pathways, providing training and mentorship to clinical trial therapists. He receives financial compensation for teaching at organizations including the OPEN Foundation, the Integrative Psychiatry Institute and the Michener Institute, and is also financially compensated for professional services provided to ICEERS. S.A. has received research support from Monash for work as a clinical trial therapist and from MAPS/Lykos for work as a principal investigator and clinical trial therapist. F.S.B. is a scientific advisor for MindState Design Labs, LLC and WavePaths, Ltd., and has consulted with Gilgamesh Pharmaceuticals and Eli Lilly. A.B. has received financial compensation from Cybin, Inc., as a consultant and in his former role as Cybin’s Chief Clinical Officer, and has filed patents on the use of psychedelic compounds for psychiatric indications. C.C. is the CEO of Biocase, a biopharmaceutical company in Brazil developing a naturalistic psilocybin formulation from dried mushrooms. A.K.D. is a board member at Source Research Foundation. N.D. holds a position in the Regulation (POPLAR) initiative at the Petrie-Flom Center for Health Law Policy, Biotechnology and Bioethics at Harvard Law School and is a board member of Psymposia, a 501(c)(3) research nonprofit organization focused on psychedelic science and harm reduction. Outside the submitted work, N.D. has received personal fees from Psymposia, the Ethical Legal Implications of Psychedelics in Society (ELIPSIS) Program at Baylor College of Medicine, the Center for Psychedelic Drug Research and Education at The Ohio State University, the University of Wisconsin-Madison and Bentley University’s Jeanne and Dan Valente Center for Arts & Sciences. D.E. is a paid advisor for Aya Biosciences, Lophora Aps, Clerkenwell Health and MindState Design Lab. H.F. is a trainer for the nonprofit organization TheraPsil and was a volunteer member of its training and ethics committees. He was the Montreal site physician for MAPPUSX, a phase 3 clinical trial of MDMA-assisted therapy for PTSD sponsored by MAPS. He is the founder of Mystic Health and an investor in Beckley Psytech. F.M. is the site principal investigator for the clinical trial ‘Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability of COMP360 in Participants with Treatment-Resistant Depression’ by COMPASS Pathways and ‘RE-104 Safety and Efficacy Study in Postpartum Depression’ by Reunion Neuroscience. T.N. was the part-time scholar-in-residence at Tactogen Public Benefit Corporation until May 2024, working on projects related to justice, accessibility and expanded definitions of psychedelic clinical trials. D.P. is employed by and holds equity in Neurala Biosciences. K.H.P. is an employee of Boehringer Ingelheim GmBH & CO KG, the chief scientist and a board member of the Heffter Research Institute, and a scientific advisor for the MIND Foundation. S. Reed receives honoraria for speaking engagements and consultations related to psychedelic therapy. She was an inaugural board member of the Board of Psychedelic Medicines and Therapies (USA), which develops certification standards for psychedelic-assisted therapists. She currently lectures internationally on culturally responsive practices in psychedelic therapy with Mind Medicine Australia, the Psychedelic Liberation Training and Vital (Psychedelics Today). D.R. is an honorary board member of the nonprofit organization MAPS Deutschland. His institution (Charité) has received research funding from Beckley Psytech, COMPASS Pathways and MAPS Europe for psychedelic medicines research. L.R. is the founder of Ripples, a nonprofit peacebuilding organization. W.R. owns stock in COMPASS Pathways and Sunstone Therapies. J. Rucker has been awarded grant funding (received and managed by King’s College London) from COMPASS Pathways, Beckley PsyTech, the Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Wellcome Trust and the Biomedical Research Centre at the South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust. S. Ruffell is the cofounder of Onaya Science, a not-for-profit research organization, and the CEO of Onaya, an organization that delivers psychedelic mentorship training courses. He is also the chief medical officer of MINDS, a not-for-profit research organization. K.T. works with Lykos as a therapist and educator. The other authors declare no competing interests.