Chia, Ruth https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4709-7423
Moaddel, Ruin https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6812-0127
Kwan, Justin Y.
Rasheed, Memoona
Ruffo, Paola
Landeck, Natalie
Reho, Paolo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1423-8680
Vasta, Rosario
Calvo, Andrea https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5122-7243
Moglia, Cristina
Canosa, Antonio https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5876-4079
Manera, Umberto
Snyder, Allison https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1857-928X
Saez-Atienzar, Sara
Grassano, Maurizio https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6714-6897
Brunetti, Maura
Casale, Federico https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1097-1279
Ray, Anindita
Arvind, Kumar
Comertpay, Betul
Zhu, Min
Gibbs, J. Raphael https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6985-0658
,
Alba, Camille
Dawson, Ted M. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6459-0893
Rosenthal, Liana S. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5140-3967
Hall, Anna J.
Pantelyat, Alexander Y. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6427-7485
Narendra, Derek P.
Ehrlich, Debra J. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2663-6766
Walker, Keenan A. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5989-9853
Kosa, Peter
Bielekova, Bibiana https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0959-9430
Egan, Josephine M. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8945-0053
Candia, Julián https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5793-8989
Tanaka, Toshiko
Ferrucci, Luigi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6273-1613
Dalgard, Clifton L. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2025-8239
Scholz, Sonja W. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6623-0429
Chiò, Adriano https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9579-5341
Traynor, Bryan J. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0527-2446
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Institute on Aging, Intramural Research Program
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Intramural Research Program
Italian Ministry of Health
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke
Uniformed Services University, Intramural Research Program
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Intramural Research Program
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Aging (1ZIAAG000933)
United States Department of Defense | Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences
Article History
Received: 2 December 2024
Accepted: 10 July 2025
First Online: 19 August 2025
Competing interests
: R.C., R.M., J.Y.K., L.F., C.L.D., S.W.S. and B.J.T. have a patent pending (US Patent application no. 63/717,807) on the diagnostic testing for ALS based on the proteomic panel. B.J.T. holds patents on the clinical testing and therapeutic intervention for the hexanucleotide repeat expansion of C9orf72. B.J.T. and S.W.S. receive research support from Cerevel Therapeutics. S.W.S. serves on the scientific advisory committees of the Lewy Body Dementia Association, Mission MSA and the GBA1 Canada Initiative. The other authors declare no competing interests.