Chen, Wilbur H. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7741-5536
Barnes, Robin S.
Sikorski, Michael J.
Datar, Reva
Sukhavasi, Roohali
Liang, Yuanyuan
Rapaka, Rekha R.
Pasetti, Marcela F.
Sztein, Marcelo B.
Wahid, Rezwanul
Tennant, Sharon M.
Simon, Raphael
Baliban, Scott M.
Galen, James E.
Lees, Andrew https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8370-4876
Bernshtein, Biana
Alter, Galit https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7680-9215
Ella, Raches https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4646-4471
Mohan, Krishna
Naidu, M. Gangadhara
Rao, D. Yogeswar
Ella, Krishna M. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0021-5082
Levine, Myron M. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5721-5040
Funding for this research was provided by:
Wellcome Trust (095967/Z/11/Z, 095967/Z/11/Z, 095967/Z/11/Z, 095967/Z/11/Z, 095967/Z/11/Z, 095967/Z/11/Z, 095967/Z/11/Z, 095967/Z/11/Z, 095967/Z/11/Z, 095967/Z/11/Z, 095967/Z/11/Z, 095967/Z/11/Z, 095967/Z/11/Z, 095967/Z/11/Z, 095967/Z/11/Z, 095967/Z/11/Z, 095967/Z/11/Z, 095967/Z/11/Z, 095967/Z/11/Z, 095967/Z/11/Z, 095967/Z/11/Z, 095967/Z/11/Z, 095967/Z/11/Z)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (R01 AI036525, U19 AI082655, U19AI181108, K08AI143923)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (P30CA134274)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (UMTR004926)
Article History
Received: 3 March 2025
Accepted: 5 September 2025
First Online: 8 October 2025
Competing interests
: S.M.T., R. Simon and M.M.L. are patent holders of the TSCV formulation. R. Simon is a current employee of Pfizer. G.A. is a former employee of Moderna and R.R.R. is a current employee of Moderna and may own shares in the company. A.L. is an employee of Fina Biosolutions. R.E., K.M., M.G.N., D.Y.R. and K.M.E. are employees of BBIL. The other authors declare no competing interests.