Choi, Wonkyung https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7037-424X
Nho, Young-Hoon https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2843-142X
Qiu, Liming https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5246-2077
Chang, Andrew
Campos, Gustavo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8837-2698
Seilheimer, Robert L. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5284-9864
Wilent, W. Bryan
Bakalov, David https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3412-9784
Firdous, Nida
Kerr, Marie
Joshi, Disha
Maze, Gabriella https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3471-5333
Topalovic, Uros https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4005-7979
Batista, Daniel
Suthana, Nanthia
Amaro, Anastassia
Hayes, Matthew R. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9782-6551
Cajigas, Iahn https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5808-453X
Cristancho, Mario
Allison, Kelly C. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9807-0220
Pesaran, Bijan
Scangos, Katherine W. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7983-7767
Gold, Joshua I.
Wadden, Thomas A. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0438-4609
Halpern, Casey H. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3907-216X
Funding for this research was provided by:
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (7UH3NS103446-03)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (1R01MH124760-01A1 CHH)
Article History
Received: 11 November 2024
Accepted: 26 September 2025
First Online: 17 November 2025
Competing interests
: No funding from NeuroPace was received for the present study nor when the data analyses reported in this study were conducted by NeuroPace employees. W.C., Y.-H.N., K.W.S. and C.H.H. filed a provisional patent application related to sensing accumbens activity to guide the treatment of obesity and related disorders. The laboratory of M.R.H. at the University of Pennsylvania receives research funding from Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly and Company, Pfizer, Gila Therapeutics and Coronation Bio, which was not used to support these studies. M.R.H. is a founding scientist of Coronation Bio, a Delaware corporation that pursues biological work unrelated to the current study. K.C.A. receives research funding from Novo Nordisk for a project that is unrelated to the scope of this study. A.A. receives research funding from Eli Lilly and Company, Novo Nordisk, Fractyl Laboratories and Altlmmune, which was not used in support of these studies. A.A. received consultant honoraria from Novo Nordisk and CVS Caremark, which is unrelated to the current study. I.C. received teaching honoraria from Medtronic, research funding from Boston Scientific and research support from Precision Neuroscience, which are unrelated to the scope of this study. K.W.S. received a consultant honorarium from Johnson & Johnson, which is unrelated to the current study. T.A.W. has received research support from Novo Nordisk and Eli Lilly for projects unrelated to the current study. The other authors declare no competing interests.