Buddle, Sarah https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4738-9469
Brown, Li-An K. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8261-0288
Morfopoulou, Sofia
Torres Montaguth, Oscar Enrique
Scoto, Mariacristina
Herder, Vanessa https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4814-1382
Dhawan, Anil
Brown, Julianne R.
Atkinson, Laura
Kopec, Angelika
Davis, Dee
Storey, Nathaniel https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5942-4674
Campos, Luis https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4317-0013
Sebire, Neil
Macpherson, Hannah https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9535-4025
Lee, Jasmaine
Orton, Richard
Baranello, Giovanni https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4871-6692
Asamaphan, Patawee
Ilia, Georgios https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4109-5966
Karda, Rajvinder https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9821-483X
Belfield, Holly
,
Semple, Malcolm Gracie https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9700-0418
Baillie, J. Kenneth https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5258-793X
Counsell, John https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9208-101X
Waddington, Simon N. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4970-4730
Thomson, Emma C. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1482-0889
Muntoni, Francesco https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9102-5232
Breuer, Judith https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8246-0534
Article History
Received: 7 January 2025
Accepted: 22 October 2025
First Online: 16 January 2026
Competing interests
: G.B. is PI of clinical trials Sponsored by Roche, Novartis, Sarepta, Pfizer, NS Pharma, Reveragen, Percheron, Biomarin and Scholar Rock and has received speaker and/or consulting fees from Sarepta, PTC Therapeutics, Entrada Therapeutics, Pfizer, Biogen, Novartis Gene Therapies, Inc. (AveXis), and Roche, as well as grants from Sarepta, Roche and Novartis Gene Therapies. UCL has received funding from Sarepta, Roche, Pfizer, Italfarmaco, Santhera and Moderna. F.M. is the PI of the Novartis-sponsored trials in which OA was studied in the UK and is also involved in clinical trials sponsored by Biogen, Roche, Sarepta Therapeutics, Genethon, PTC therapeutics and Solid Bioscience. He has received consulting fees from Pfizer, Sarepta, Roche, Biogen, Novartis, Solid, Dyne Therapeutics, Entrada, PTC and Edgewise. M.S. is the sub-I of the Novartis sponsored trials in which OA was studied in the UK and is also involved in clinical trials sponsored by Biogen, Roche and Dyne. She has received consulting fees from Roche, Biogen and Novartis. The other authors declare no competing interests.