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Devi, Pooja
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Waxman, Adam
Kapur, Shivani
Chen, Fang https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1719-3887
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Bouvier, Riemke
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Article History
Received: 25 March 2025
Accepted: 14 November 2025
First Online: 15 January 2026
Competing interests
: D.T.V. has received research funding from Takeda and Active Biotech and consulting fees from Takeda, Karyopharm, GlaxoSmithKline, Genentech and Sanofi. A.D.C. has received research support from Novartis, GlaxoSmithKline, Genentech and Janssen; consulting fees from Janssen, Bristol Myers Squibb, GlaxoSmithKline, Genentech, Legend, Sanofi, Pfizer, AbbVie, Regeneron, Moderna, AstraZeneca, iTeos, Prothena, Kite, Novartis and Ichnos; and has patents related to CAR T cells. A.L.G. declares research support from Johnson & Johnson, Novartis, Tmunity and CRISPR Therapeutics; consultancies/honoraria from Johnson & Johnson, Novartis, Bristol Myers Squibb, Regeneron, AbbVie, AstraZeneca, Smart Immune and Gracell Bio; and data and safety monitoring board membership for Johnson & Johnson. E.A.S. declares an affiliation with Oncopeptides and consultancy for Amgen, Bristol Myers Squibb/Celgene, GlaxoSmithKline, Janssen and AbbVie. J.A.F. has patents and intellectual property in T-cell-based cancer immunotherapy with royalties; funding from Tmunity Therapeutics and Danaher Corporation; consultancy with Retro Biosciences; and scientific advisory board membership with Cartography Bio, Shennon Biotechnologies, CellFe Biotech, OverT Bio and Tceleron Therapeutics. D.L.P declares research funding from Novartis and Bristol Myers Squibb, membership on an entity’s board of directors (National Marrow Donor Program) and advisory committee or honoraria from Novartis, Kite/Gilead, Angiocrine, Mirror Biologics, Sana Biotechnology and Verismo. D.L.P. is a current equity holder in Genentech and has patents and royalties with Novartis and Tmunity/Kite. C.D. declares consultancy with Merck. V.B. declares consulting fees from Alexion and has patents related to CAR T cell platforms for treatment of alloimmune conditions and autoimmune diseases. S.M. has received research funding from Novocure and Galileo CDS and is an advisory board member for Servier Pharmaceuticals and Guerbet. F.D.B. has engaged with Sana Biotechnology. S.P.S.-A. declares consultancies/honoraria from Johnson & Johnson. M.R. has patents related to CD19 CAR T cells; consults for GLG, Guidepoint, AbClon, Acera and Vittoria Bio; received research funding from AbClon, Oxford NanoImaging, Vittoria Biotherapeutics, CURIOX and Beckman Coulter; and is the scientific founder of Vittoria Biotherapeutics. M.H., L.P., J.H.N., A.L.G., M.R., A.D.C. and J.A.F. have filed patent applications related to this work. All other authors declare no competing interests.