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Authors
Hoeijmakers, Lotte L. https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8431-7557
Dimitriadis, Petros https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3546-285X
Wijnen, Steven C. M. A. https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9985-0753
Reijers, Irene L. M.
Lopez-Yurda, Marta https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3678-3222
Menzies, Alexander M.
Broeks, Annegien
Cornelissen, Sten
Torres Acosta, Alejandro
van der Wal, Anja
Saw, Robyn P. M. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3354-806X
Versluis, Judith M. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3423-9912
van Houdt, Winan J.
Wouters, Michel W. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6173-0662
Romano, Jurriaan https://orcid.org/0009-0004-5201-1411
Rozeman, Eliza A.
Grijpink-Ongering, Lindsay G.
Kapiteijn, Ellen https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4814-6426
van der Veldt, Astrid A. M.
Suijkerbuijk, Karijn P. M. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3604-5430
Eriksson, Hanna
Hospers, Geke A. P. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3047-7892
van der Hage, Jos A. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9040-1323
Grünhagen, Dirk J. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8293-6002
Witkamp, Arjen J.
Lijnsvelt, Judith M.
Klop, Willem M. C.
Zuur, Charlotte L. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1777-012X
Bruining, Annemarie
Al-Mamgani, Abrahim
Pennington, Thomas E.
Shannon, Kerwin F. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8538-3132
Ch’ng, Sydney https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4011-1253
Colebatch, Andrew J.
Gonzalez, Maria https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2197-6657
Spillane, Andrew J. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9520-0181
Haanen, John B. A. G. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5884-7704
Rawson, Robert V.
Scolyer, Richard A. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8991-0013
van de Wiel, Bart A.
van Akkooi, Alexander C. J. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3262-6935
Long, Georgina V. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8894-3545
Blank, Christian U. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7945-5846
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Bristol-Myers Squibb (CA209-701)
Department of Health | National Health and Medical Research Council (2022/GNT2018514)
melanoma institute australia
University of sydney medical foundation
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Article History
Received: 10 July 2025
Accepted: 2 December 2025
First Online: 28 January 2026
Competing interests
: No author has received financial support for the work on this paper, and no medical writer was involved at any stage of the preparation of this paper. A.M.M. has served on advisory boards for Bristol Myers Squibb, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Novartis, Roche, Pierre Fabre and QBiotics. R.P.M.S. has received honoraria for advisory board participation from Merck Sharp & Dohme and Clinical Laboratories Pty Ltd. W.J.v.H. has received speakerʼs honoraria from Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Sanofi, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Belpharma and Novartis; reports an advisory role with Belpharma; and has received a research grant from Amgen. E.K. has consultancy/advisory relationships with Delcath, Immunocore and Lilly and has received research grants unrelated to this paper from Bristol Myers Squibb, Delcath, Novartis and Pierre Fabre. These grants are unrelated to the present work and are paid to the institution. A.A.M.v.d.V. received travel fees from Ipsen and consultancy fees (all paid to the institution) from Bristol Myers Squibb, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Ipsen, Eisai, Pfizer, Novartis, Sanofi, Roche and Pierre Fabre. K.P.M.S. has consultancy/advisory relationships with AbbVie and Sairopa; has received research funding from TigaTx, Bristol Myers Squibb, Philips, Genmab and Pierre Fabre; and has received honoraria from Bristol Myers Squibb (all paid to the institution). H.E. has received institutional research grants from SkyLineDx, Bristol Myers Squibb, Novartis and Pierre Fabre; a speaker honorarium from Janssen; and non-personal speaker honoraria (paid to the hospital) from Bristol Myers Squibb and Novartis. H.E. has also served on expert boards for Pierre Fabre and Bristol Myers Squibb. G.A.P.H. reports consultancy/advisory relationships with Amgen, Bristol Myers Squibb, Roche, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Novartis, Sanofi and Pierre Fabre and receiving research grants from Bristol Myers Squibb and Seerave (all paid to the institution). S. Ch’ng receives fees for professional services provided to Merck Sharp & Dohme and SkylineDx. J.B.A.G.H. reports advisory roles for Achilles Therapeutics, AstraZeneca, BioNTech, Bristol Myers Squibb, Immunocore, Instil Bio, Iovance Biotherapeutics, Ipsen, Molecular Partners, MSD Oncology, Neogene Therapeutics, Novartis, Roche/Genentech, Sanofi, Sāstra, Third Rock Ventures and T-Knife; has received research funding (paid to the institution) from Amgen, Asher Biotherapeutics, BioNTech, Bristol Myers Squibb, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Neon Therapeutics and Novartis; and is a stockowner of Neogene Therapeutics and Sāstra. R.V.R. has received honoraria from Merck Sharp & Dohme. R.A.S. has received fees for professional services from SkylineDx, IO Biotech ApS, MetaOptima Technology, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Evaxion, Provectus Biopharmaceuticals Australia, QBiotics, Novartis, Merck Sharp & Dohme, NeraCare, Amgen, Bristol Myers Squibb, Myriad Genetics and GlaxoSmithKline. A.C.J.v.A. reports advisory roles with Amgen, Bristol Myers Squibb, Daiichi Sankyo, Genmab, Menarini Silicon Biosystems, Merck Serono-Pfizer, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Neracare, Novartis, Pierre Fabre, Provectus Biopharmaceuticals, Replimune, Sanofi, Sirius Medical, SkylineDx and 4SC and has received research funding from Amgen, Merck Serono-Pfizer and SkylineDx. G.V.L. is a consultant advisor for Agenus, Amgen, Array Biopharma, AstraZeneca, Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals, BioNTech, Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, Bristol Myers Squibb, Evaxion Biotech A/S, Fortiva Biologics, GI Innovation, Hexal AG (a Sandoz company), Highlight Therapeutics, IO Biotech, Immunocore Ireland Limited, Innovent Biologics, Iovance Biotherapeutics, Merck Sharpe & Dohme, Novartis Pharma AG, OncoSec Medical Australia, PHMR Limited, Pierre Fabre, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Scancell Limited and SkylineDX. C.U.B. reports that he has received compensation for advisory roles from Bristol Myers Squibb, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Roche, Novartis, GlaxoSmithKline, AstraZeneca, Pfizer, Lilly, GenMab, Pierre Fabre, Third Rock Ventures and Senya; has received research funding from Bristol Myers Squibb, Novartis, NanoString and 4SC; and is co-founder of Immagene. All compensations and funding for C.U.B. were paid to the institution, except for Third Rock Ventures and Immagene. The other authors declare no competing interests.
