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Authors
O’Sullivan, Jack W. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3629-2546
Palepu, Anil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4720-8787
Saab, Khaled
Weng, Wei-Hung https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2232-0390
Amponsah, Daniel K. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6831-8144
Cheng, Evaline https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4137-8926
Cheng, Yong
Chu, Emily
Desai, Yaanik
Elezaby, Aly
Fazal, Muhammad
Hussain, Tasmeen
Jain, Sneha S. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0592-1453
Kim, Daniel Seung https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2971-1909
Lan, Roy
Li, Jiwen https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0554-8895
Tang, Wilson
Tapaskar, Natalie
Parikh, Victoria https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5138-5559
Sandoval, Ryan
Spencer-Bonilla, Gabriella
Wu, Bryan
Kulkarni, Kavita
Mansfield, Philip https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4969-0543
Webster, Dale https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3023-8824
Gottweis, Juraj
Barral, Joelle
Schaekermann, Mike https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1735-9680
Tanno, Ryutaro https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8107-6730
Mahdavi, S. Sara
Natarajan, Vivek https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7849-2074
Karthikesalingam, Alan https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4958-5976
Ashley, Euan https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9418-9577
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Article History
Received: 15 October 2024
Accepted: 11 December 2025
First Online: 6 February 2026
Competing interests
: This study was funded by Alphabet Inc. and/or a subsidiary thereof (‘Alphabet’). A.P., K.S., W.-H.W., Y.C., K.K., P.M., D.W., J.G., J.B., R.T., M.S., S.S.M., V.N., A.K. and T.T. are employees of Alphabet and may own stock as part of the standard compensation package. D.S.K. reports grant support from Amgen and the Bristol Myers Squibb Foundation (via the Robert A. Winn Excellence in Clinical Trials Career Development Award), outside the submitted work. D.S.K. is supported by the Wu-Tsai Human Performance Alliance as a Clinician-Scientist Fellow, the Stanford Center for Digital Health as a Digital Health Scholar, the Pilot Grant from the Stanford Center for Digital Health, NIH 1L30HL170306, the Robert A. Winn Excellence in Clinical Trials Career Development Award, the American Heart Association (AHA) Career Development Award (AHA 25CDA1436622) and the American Diabetes Association (ADA) Pathway to Stop Diabetes Initiator Award (7-25-INI-11). E.A. reports advisory board fees from Apple and Foresite Labs. E.A. has ownership interest in SVEXA, Nuevocor, DeepCell and Personalis, outside the submitted work. E.A. is a board member of AstraZeneca. J.O.S. is supported by the AHA Postdoctoral fellowship and ACC postdoctoral fellowship and has had consultancy relationships with Google AI, and Foresite Labs (outside the current work). V.P. has consulting and advisory relationships with BioMarin, Lexeo Therapeutics and Viz.ai and receives funding from BioMarin, the John Taylor Babbitt Foundation, the Sarnoff Cardiovascular Research Foundation and NHLBI R01HL168059 and K08HL143185. S.S.J. reports consulting fees from Bristol Myers Squibb, ARTIS Ventures and Broadview Ventures outside of the submitted work. The other authors declare no competing interests.
