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Authors
Coral, Daniel E. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8809-4544
Sargent, Jennifer L. https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3697-1737
Carrasco-Zanini, Julia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3988-7505
Coral, Luis M. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0773-224X
Deutsch, Aaron J. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6750-5335
Udler, Miriam S. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3824-9162
Giordano, Giuseppe N.
Pare, Guillaume https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6795-4760
Pearson, Ewan R. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9237-8585
van Smeden, Maarten
Franks, Paul W. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0520-7604
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
European Commission (IMI SOPHIA - 875534)
Vetenskapsrådet
Novo Nordisk Fonden
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Article History
Received: 31 October 2025
Accepted: 24 February 2026
First Online: 23 March 2026
Competing interests
: M.S.U. has consulting activity and research supported in collaboration with Novo Nordisk. J.L.S. has received consulting fees from the World Health Organization, University of Bergen, University of Heidelberg, Lund University, Karolinska University, Springer Nature, ABC Labs and European Diabetes Forum; travel support from University of Tubingen, University of Silensia, and European Association for Study of Diabetes; she is also founder of BabelFiskAB, which provides consulting services in global public health. P.W.F. has received consulting fees from Novo Nordisk and Zoe Ltd, and travel support and speaker fees from Menarini Group. P.W.F. has received research grants (paid to his institution) from Boehringer Ingelheim, Novo Nordisk, Medtronic, Pfizer and Lilly as part of the Innovative Health Initiative of the European Union. The remaining authors declare no competing interests.
