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Authors
Zamani, Shahriar A. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8622-5013
Wu, Lianlian
Black, Emily L.
Bartram, Alexander https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4652-5297
Ng, Alvin W. T. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4672-0815
Secrier, Maria https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2758-1741
Perelman, Jacqueline D.
Ustaoglu, Ahsen https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9175-7089
Ococks, Emma
Jacobson, Daniel
Devonshire, Ginny
Grehan, Nicola
Nützinger, Barbara
Freeman, Adam https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8376-7498
Miremadi, Ahmad
O’Donovan, Maria
Frankell, Alexander M. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0341-7878
Killcoyne, Sarah https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3686-6167
,
Edwards, Paul A. W.
Grehan, Nicola
Nutzinger, Barbara
Redmond, Aisling M.
Loreno, Christine
Abbas, Sujath
Smyth, Elizabeth C.
O’Donovan, Maria
Miremadi, Ahmad
Malhotra, Shalini
Tripathi, Monika
Cheah, Calvin
Coles, Hannah
Millington, Curtis
Eldridge, Matthew
Secrier, Maria
Jammula, Sriganesh
Davies, Jim
Crichton, Charles
Carroll, Nick
Hardwick, Richard H.
Safranek, Peter
Hindmarsh, Andrew
Sujendran, Vijayendran
Hayes, Stephen J.
Ang, Yeng
Sharrocks, Andrew
Preston, Shaun R.
Bagwan, Izhar
Save, Vicki
Skipworth, Richard J. E.
Hupp, Ted R.
O’Neill, J. Robert
Tucker, Olga
Beggs, Andrew
Taniere, Philippe
Puig, Sonia
Contino, Gianmarco
Underwood, Timothy J.
Walker, Robert C.
Grace, Ben L.
Lagergren, Jesper
Gossage, James
Davies, Andrew
Chang, Fuju
Mahadeva, Ula
Goh, Vicky
Ciccarelli, Francesca D.
Sanders, Grant
Berrisford, Richard
Chan, David
Cheong, Ed
Kumar, Bhaskar
Sreedharan, L.
Parsons, Simon L.
Soomro, Irshad
Kaye, Philip
Saunders, John
Lovat, Laurence
Haidry, Rehan
Scott, Michael
Sothi, Sharmila
Lishman, Suzy
Hanna, George B.
Peters, Christopher J.
Moorthy, Krishna
Grabowska, Anna
Turkington, Richard
McManus, Damian
Coleman, Helen
Petty, Russell D.
Bartlett, Freddie
Coleman, Helen G.
Fitzgerald, Rebecca C. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3434-3568
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Cancer Research UK (A15874)
Cancer Research UK (A22131)
Cancer Research UK (A22720)
RCUK | Medical Research Council (MR/W014122/1)
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Article History
Received: 11 November 2025
Accepted: 20 February 2026
First Online: 16 April 2026
Competing interests
: S.A.Z., L.W., E.L.B., A.B., A.W.T.N., M.S., D.J., G.D., N.G., B.N., A.F., A.M., S.K. and H.G.C. declare no competing interests. R.C.F. and M.O. are named on patents for Cytosponge and related biomarker assays, including those licensed by the Medical Research Council to Medtronic (formerly Covidien), and they own shares in Cyted Health Ltd. (company no. 11478299). S.K. did the work when in academia but is now an employee of Cyted Health Ltd. A.M.F. is a co-inventor on a patent application to determine methods and systems for tumor monitoring (PCT/EP2022/077987). These technologies are not discussed in this paper.
