Grohar, Patrick J. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1071-4563
Heise, Rachel https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7785-4579
Wedekind, Mary Frances
Ballman, Karla https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4492-0357
Mascarenhas, Leo https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7790-0777
DuBois, Steven G.
Maki, Robert G. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9853-2528
Boguslawski, Elissa A. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4233-903X
Gedminas, Jenna M.
Wilson, Elizabeth R.
Thomas, Elaine
Segers, Blair
Surrey, Lea F. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6944-2232
Ricker, Cora https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1202-5603
Klega, Kelly
Navid, Fariba
Lam, Gretchen Y. https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5852-8865
The, Stephanie
Kaufman, Rebecca https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8535-9730
Roberts, Ryan D.
Hayashi, Masanori https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9508-0159
Mena, Esther
Overman, Lindsey https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6454-3035
Peer, Cody
Schmidt, Keith
Diamond, Mark S.
Figg, William D. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2428-5613
Bagatell, Rochelle
Liza Lindenberg, M.
Choyke, Peter L. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1086-8826
Crompton, Brian D. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9404-6621
Widemann, Brigitte C. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9198-7175
Glod, John W.
Laetsch, Theodore W. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8497-3138
Reinke, Denise K. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8662-7060
Chugh, Rashmi
Funding for this research was provided by:
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (U01CA236220)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (R01CA188314)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (ZIC SC 006537)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (ZIC SC 006537)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (ZIA BC 010656)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (ZIA BC 010656)
Janssen Pharmaceuticals
Alex's Lemonade Stand Foundation for Childhood Cancer (Center of Excellence)
Alex's Lemonade Stand Foundation for Childhood Cancer (Center of Excellence)
Alex's Lemonade Stand Foundation for Childhood Cancer (Center of Excellence)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (ZIE BC 011516)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (ZIE BC 011516)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (ZIE BC 011516)
Article History
Received: 1 November 2025
Accepted: 9 March 2026
First Online: 16 April 2026
Competing interests
: P.J.G. has received honoraria for grant review and a symposium from the Pharma Mar Foundation; served as advisor for OrphAI therapeutics with options and honoraria for advisory board participation for Jazz and Inhibrx; and received support to his institution from Janssen Scientific Affairs, LLC. L.M. has received honoraria for work products from Novartis; received consultant, travel and accommodation compensation for scientific presentations from Bayer; and has uncompensated relationships with the Children’s Oncology Group (COG) Foundation, the COG Research Foundation, the COG Bone Tumor Committee and the Pablove Foundation. S.G.D. has provided consulting for Bayer, Amgen, Jazz Pharmaceuticals, InhibRx, EMD Serono and Merck. R.G.M. has received consulting fees or honoraria from Boehringer Ingelheim, Deciphera, Ipsen, Physicians’ Education Resource, the American Board of Internal Medicine, the American Society for Clinical Oncology and Peel Therapeutics and receives royalties from UpToDate for sarcoma-related content and stock from Peel Therapeutics for work with Peel. T.W.L. participates in consulting/advisory boards for Advanced Microbubbles, OrphAI Therapeutics, Bayer, GlaxoSmithKline, ITM Oncologics and Jazz Pharmaceuticals and receives research support to his institution from Bayer, Pfizer, Eli Lilly and Exelixis. D.K.R. has received honoraria for advisory boards from Boehringer Ingelheim and Merck. R.C. has done advisory work for Deciphera, Recordati and Cogent Biosciences and receives royalties from UpToDate with all research support going to her institution. R.H., M.F.W., K.B., E.A.B., J.M.G., E.R.W., E.T., B.S., L.F.S., C.R., K.K., F.N., G.L., S.T., R.K., R.D.R., M.H., E.M., L.O., C.P., K.S., M.S.D., W.D.F., R.B., M.L.L., P.L.C., B.D.C., B.C.W. and J.G.G. declare no competing interests.