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Authors
Saab, Khaled https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1427-0469
Park, Chunjong
Strother, Tim https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4427-2707
Freyberg, Jan
Barrett, David G. T. https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4678-6691
Cheng, Yong
Weng, Wei-Hung https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2232-0390
Stutz, David
Tomasev, Nenad https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1624-0220
Palepu, Anil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4720-8787
Liévin, Valentin
Sharma, Yash https://orcid.org/0009-0002-4165-1881
Ruparel, Roma
Ahmed, Abdullah
Vedadi, Elahe
Kanada, Kimberly
Hughes, Cian https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6901-0985
Liu, Yun https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4079-8275
Brown, Geoff
Gao, Yang
Li, Sean
Mahdavi, S. Sara
Manyika, James
Chou, Katherine
Matias, Yossi https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3960-6002
Hassidim, Avinatan
Webster, Dale R. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3023-8824
Barral, Joëlle
Eslami, S. M. Ali
Kohli, Pushmeet https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7466-7997
Rodman, Adam
Natarajan, Vivek https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7849-2074
Schaekermann, Mike https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1735-9680
Tu, Tao https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9191-7938
Karthikesalingam, Alan https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4958-5976
Tanno, Ryutaro https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8107-6730
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Article History
Received: 29 May 2025
Accepted: 27 March 2026
First Online: 14 May 2026
Competing interests
: K.S., C.P., T.S., J.F., D.G.T.B., Y.C., W.-H.W., D.S., N.T., A.P., V.L., Y.S., R.R., A.A., E.V., K.K., C.H., Y.L., G.B., Y.G., S.L., S.S.M., J.M., K.C., Y.M., A.H., D.R.W., J.B., S.M.A.E., P.K., A.R., V.N., M.S., T.T., A.K. and R.T. are employees of Google and may own stock as part of the standard compensation package. K.S. was a Google employee when he conducted this work and may also own stock.
