Maier-Hein, Lena https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4910-9368
Wagner, Martin https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9831-9110
Ross, Tobias https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7094-4926
Reinke, Annika
Bodenstedt, Sebastian
Full, Peter M.
Hempe, Hellena
Mindroc-Filimon, Diana
Scholz, Patrick
Tran, Thuy Nuong
Bruno, Pierangela https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0832-0151
Kisilenko, Anna
Müller, Benjamin
Davitashvili, Tornike
Capek, Manuela
Tizabi, Minu D.
Eisenmann, Matthias
Adler, Tim J.
Gröhl, Janek https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5332-4856
Schellenberg, Melanie
Seidlitz, Silvia
Lai, T. Y. Emmy
Pekdemir, Bünyamin
Roethlingshoefer, Veith
Both, Fabian
Bittel, Sebastian
Mengler, Marc
Mündermann, Lars
Apitz, Martin
Kopp-Schneider, Annette
Speidel, Stefanie
Nickel, Felix https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6066-8238
Probst, Pascal https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0895-4015
Kenngott, Hannes G.
Müller-Stich, Beat P.
Funding for this research was provided by:
Nationales Centrum für Tumorerkrankungen Heidelberg (N/A, N/A, N/A, N/A, N/A, N/A)
Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Energie (BMWI 01MT17001C, BMWI 01MT17001C, BMWI 01MT17001C, BMWI 01MT17001C, BMWI 01MT17001C)
Intuitive Surgical
Article History
Received: 8 June 2020
Accepted: 24 February 2021
First Online: 12 April 2021
Competing interests
: L.M.-H., T.R., A.R., S.B. and S.Sp. worked with device manufacturer KARL STORZ SE & Co. KG in the joint research project “OP4.1,” funded by the German Federal Ministry of Economic Affairs and Energy (Grant number BMWI 01MT17001C). M.W., B.M. and H.G.K. worked with device manufacturer KARL STORZ SE & Co. KG in the joint research project “InnOPlan,” funded by the German Federal Ministry of Economic Affairs and Energy (grant number BMWI 01MD15002E). F.N. reports receiving travel support for conference participation as well as equipment provided for laparoscopic surgery courses by KARL STORZ SE & Co. KG, Johnson & Johnson, Intuitive Surgical, Cambridge Medical Robotics and Medtronic. V.R, F.B, S.Bit. and M.M. are/were employees of the company understand.ai, which sponsored the initial labeling of the ROBUST-MIS data set. L.M. is employee of the company KARL STORZ SE & Co. KG, which sponsored a scientific prize for the surgical workflow analysis in the sensorOR challenge. The authors not listed as employees of understand.ai or KARL STORZ SE & Co. KG are not and have never been in conflict of interest or financial ties with the company. All other authors have no competing interests.