Hao, Sicheng https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8905-005X
Matos, Joao
Dempsey, Katelyn
Alwakeel, Mahmoud https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0565-4543
Houghtaling, Jared https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1557-9716
Hong, Chuan
Gichoya, Judy
Kibbe, Warren
Pencina, Michael
Cox, Christopher E.
Wong, An-Kwok Ian https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5668-4251
Funding for this research was provided by:
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (UL1TR002553)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (U54MD012530)
Radiological Society of North America (EIHD2204)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (75N92020C00008)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (75N92020C00021)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL167811)
Article History
Received: 20 November 2024
Accepted: 11 December 2025
First Online: 28 January 2026
Competing interests
: AIW holds equity and management roles in Ataia Medical. AIW is supported by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute under R01HL177003 and REACH Equity under the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (NIMHD) of the National Institutes of Health under U54MD012530. Dr. Gichoya is a 2022 Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Harold Amos Medical Faculty Development Program and declares support from RSNA Health Disparities grant (#EIHD2204), Lacuna Fund (#67), Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, NIH (NIBIB) MIDRC grant under contracts 75N92020C00008 and 75N92020C00021, and NHLBI Award Number R01HL167811.