Yu, Shanshan
Pan, Yan
Chen, Qiuping
Liu, Qiao
Wang, Jing
Rui, Jia
Guo, Yichao
Gavotte, Laurent
Zhao, Qinglong
Frutos, Roger
Xu, Mingshu
Pu, Dan
Chen, Tianmu
Funding for this research was provided by:
Self-supporting Program of Guangzhou Laboratory (No. SRPG22-007)
Major Project of Guangzhou National Laboratory (No. GZNL2024A01004)
Article History
Received: 17 April 2024
Accepted: 30 August 2024
First Online: 3 September 2024
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study was approved by the institutional ethics committee of the Jilin Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jilin, China. Consent requirement, either verbal or written, was waived by the institutional ethics committee of the Jilin Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention on the following grounds: (1) only anonymized records were used without the need for direct involvement nor active participation of patients; (2) neither medical intervention nor biological samples were involved; (3) study procedures and results would not affect clinical management of patients in any form. We confirm that all analyses were performed in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations. This study utilized data from the statutory infectious disease surveillance system, which does not contain any personally identifiable or sensitive information. The research adheres strictly to data privacy protection principles, ensuring that the privacy rights of individuals are fully respected. Given the nature of the data used, this study was granted an ethical exemption.