Gomez, Alwyn https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3737-2065
Marquez, Izabella
Froese, Logan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6076-0189
Bergmann, Tobias
Sainbhi, Amanjyot Singh https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3231-5683
Vakitbilir, Nuray https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2764-145X
Islam, Abrar https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6669-3374
Stein, Kevin Y. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5983-008X
Zeiler, Frederick A. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1737-0510
Funding for this research was provided by:
Canadian Institutes of Health Research (Grant #: 472286)
Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (DGECR-2022-00260, RGPIN-2022-03621, ALLRP-578524-22, ALLRP-576386-22, ALLRP 586244-23)
Canada Foundation for Innovation (Project #: 38583)
Research Manitoba (Grant #: 3906, Grant #: 5429)
Article History
Received: 21 May 2024
Accepted: 31 August 2024
First Online: 5 September 2024
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Full approval was received for this study from the University of Manitoba Biomedical Research Ethics Board (BREB; B2018:103) as well as the Health Science Centre Impact Committee (RI2020:016). Deferral of consent was approved by the BREB given the nature of the included study population allowing for rapid initiation of data collection shortly after admission to ICU. However, as soon as reasonably possible, informed consent for study participation was obtained from either the subject or an appropriate substitute decision maker. Informed consent for study participation was reobtained at all follow-up visits and participants were able to withdraw from the study at any time.