Stefanska, Barbara
Pruszynska-Oszmalek, Ewa
Fievez, Veerle
Purwin, Cezary
Nowak, Włodzimierz
Funding for this research was provided by:
This study received partial financial support from Poznań University of Life Sciences (Poland) as the research program “First grant” (grant no. 3/2022)
This study received partial financial support from the Polish Federation of Cattle Breeders and Milk Producers (grant no. 74/2017/B)
Article History
Received: 3 April 2024
Accepted: 5 September 2024
First Online: 11 September 2024
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: All procedures for the study were approved and performed following the guidelines of the Polish Council for Animal Care (Act on the Protection of Animals Used for Scientific Purpose in Poland), which complies with the EU directive (no. 2010/63/EU) for the protection of animals used for scientific purposes<sup>78</sup>. These practices are standard for animal health assessment and monitoring; in particular, blood samples were collected during standard veterinary activities, and all procedures were approved by the appropriate authorities. All animal procedures and methods are reported in accordance with ARRIVE guidelines.