Document is current

Article History

Received: 21 May 2024

Accepted: 23 September 2024

First Online: 8 October 2024

Competing interests

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: The Helsinki Health Study protocol of young and midlife employees has been approved by the ethics committees of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland (14 February 2017), and the health authorities of the City of Helsinki, Finland (16 April 2017). The Faculty of Medicine gave a positive statement for the study, and because the study is observational, no other ethical approval was required. The City of Helsinki admitted an ethical approval without a code. Appropriate ethical aspects have been followed in all phases of the study, according to the 1964 Helsinki Declaration. In line with GDPR, all participants were informed about the study and its purposes; voluntary participation; data confidentiality, use, and processing; data protection statement; and contact details. Informed consent to participate to both questionnaire survey and its register linkages (but not separately concerning only questionnaire survey) was inquired from the Helsinki Health Study participants. The data protection statement is available from the Helsinki Health Study websites: .