Sylvestre, Florence
Mahamat-Nour, Abdallah
Naradoum, Toussaint
Alcoba, Matias
Gal, Laetitia
Paris, Adrien
Cretaux, Jean-François
Pham-Duc, Binh
Lescoulier, Christophe
Recouvreur, Romain
Ahmat, Mahmoud Mahamat
Gaya, Djergo
Funding for this research was provided by:
IRD, France
University of N’Djamena, Chad
World Bank Group
Article History
Received: 26 February 2024
Accepted: 8 October 2024
First Online: 20 October 2024
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.