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Authors
Miyano, Takashi
Tamada, Yudai
Kusama, Taro
Osaka, Ken
Takeuchi, Kenji
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare (23FA1022)
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (22H03299)
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Article History
Received: 4 October 2024
Accepted: 8 November 2024
First Online: 11 November 2024
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: We used anonymized information obtained from the JMDC Claims Database, which is commercially available in accordance with the Japan Act on the Protection of Personal Information. Informed consent was not required for its provision or use. The anonymization procedure was based on the Next-Generation Medical Infrastructure Act. According to the ethical guidelines for clinical research in Japan, studies using anonymized processed information do not require review by an ethics review committee. The study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.
