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Authors
Zhou, Linquan
Wu, Dingwei
Chen, Huina
Han, Jiaxin
Liu, Wenge
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Article History
Received: 3 September 2024
Accepted: 3 December 2024
First Online: 28 December 2024
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The NHANES database is publicly available and has been approved by the Institutional Review Board of the National Center for Health Statistics. All participants provided written informed consent during their participation in the national survey conducted in the United States. Ethical review and approval were waived for this study as it involved secondary analysis and did not necessitate additional institutional review board approval.
