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Article History

Received: 4 August 2024

Accepted: 27 December 2024

First Online: 1 April 2025

Declarations

:

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: This study was performed in line with the principles of the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments. Approval was granted by the Institutional Review Board of Asan Medical Center (IRB) of Asan Medical Center (2022−0282). Here is the detail regarding to patient data security: As a retrospective study, there are no anticipated clinical risks. However, since the study involves the use of patients’ medical records, there is a potential risk of exposing personal information. To mitigate this, minimizing such risks by encrypting the data and restricting access. The anonymized information obtained from the study subjects will be securely managed using locked or password-protected devices, ensuring that only the research team has access. Additionally, anonymized data will be encrypted using MS Excel or MS Access encryption features, preventing anyone other than the researchers from storing or viewing the data.

: Due to the retrospective nature of the study, the Institutional Review Board of Asan Medical Center waived the need of obtaining informed consent.