Zhang, Yaxin
Wu, Fan
Sun, Jiawei
Xu, Chuchuan
Yang, Qingwei
Wang, Guangdong
Article History
Received: 6 October 2024
Accepted: 28 April 2025
First Online: 4 May 2025
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. The data used in this study were obtained from the MIMIC-IV database, which is publicly accessible. Ethical approval for the creation of this database was granted by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (approval number 2001P-001699/14).