Chen, Fei
Liu, Xiang Qun
Yang, Jian Jun
Liu, Xu Kang
Ma, Jing Hui
Chen, Jia
Xiao, Hua Yu
Funding for this research was provided by:
Sichuan Province Innovation Training Project (S202410623054, S202410623061, S202310623089)
Xihua University Talent Introduction Program (Z231015)
Accident Pre-crash Scenario Transformation Toolchain and Database (H231291)
State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Vehicle Safety Technology (IVSTSKL-202424)
Article History
Received: 25 January 2025
Accepted: 30 April 2025
First Online: 16 July 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.