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Article History

Received: 23 November 2024

Accepted: 5 May 2025

First Online: 11 May 2025

Change Date: 16 July 2025

Change Type: Update

Change Details: The original online version of this Article was revised: In this article the statement in the Acknowledgement section was incomplete and should have read “The project was funded by KAU Endowment (WAQF) at king Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. The authors, therefore, acknowledge with thanks WAQF and the Deanship of Scientific Research (DSR) for technical and financial support. Also, the authors sincerely thank all the participants who contributed to this research by providing their data and adhering to the dietary protocol until the study's conclusion. Their commitment and cooperation were invaluable to the successful completion of this work” and also the Funding information section was incorrectly given as “This research received no external funding.The project was funded by KAU Endowment (WAQF) at king Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. The authors, therefore, acknowledge with thanks WAQF and the Deanship of Scientific Research (DSR) for technical and financial support” and should have read “This project was funded by the KAU Endowment (WAQF) at King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.”

Declarations

:

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: The main limitation of this study is the recruitment process for patients with IBS from hospitals posed difficulties, which may have affected the generalizability of our findings to a broader population of IBS patients. Additionally, the lengthy nature of the questionnaire may have discouraged some patients from participating. Another limitation is the use of a Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ), which relies on self-reported dietary intake. This method is prone to recall bias and inaccuracies in estimating actual consumption patterns. Moreover, FFQs may not fully capture daily variations in food intake, potentially affecting the precision of nutrient assessments. Despite these limitations, the FFQ remains a widely used and validated tool for assessing dietary patterns in nutritional research.