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Authors
Liao, Xi
Li, Yongwei
Zhang, Zongyao
Xiao, Ying
Yu, Xi
Huang, Ran
Zhong, Tian
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
XiangNan University 2022 Scientific Research Projects (2022JX104)
the Fudan-Yiwu Fund (FYX-23-102)
TZI-ZJU Industrial Program (2023CLG01, 2023CLG01PT)
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Article History
Received: 26 November 2024
Accepted: 6 May 2025
First Online: 15 May 2025
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study was conducted with publicly available NHANES data, which were collected by the CDC with ethical approval from the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) Research Ethics Review Board. All participants in the NHANES provided informed consent, and the procedures adhered to the ethical standards of the Declaration of Helsinki. Since this study involves secondary analysis of deidentified data, no further ethical approval was needed.
