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Authors
Alzahrani, Abdullah
Alhusayni, Abdullah Ibrahim
Aljohany, Maysa
Alsirhani, Hadeel
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Article History
Received: 6 March 2025
Accepted: 20 May 2025
First Online: 30 September 2025
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: All the participating subjects gave informed consent. The ethical approval, with reference (IRB #ERC_SU_S_202400016), was also secured from the Shaqra University Ethical Committee. The author affirms their commitment to conducting research using the highest ethical standards and ensuring the presented findings’ accuracy, transparency, and reliability.
: This research does not involve the use of human tissue samples. This involved participants from the PhysioZone centre in Jeddah city in Saudi Arabia, a thorough review of the research protocol, covering aspects such as study design, data collection methods, and participant involvement. The experiments took place at the PhysioZone centre in Jeddah City, Saudi Arabia, and were performed in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations. This centre, known for its comprehensive medical services, provided a suitable setting
